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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications >Relative judgment theory and the mediation of facial recognition: Implications for theories of eyewitness identification
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Relative judgment theory and the mediation of facial recognition: Implications for theories of eyewitness identification

机译：相对判断理论与面部识别的中介作用：对目击者识别理论的启示

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Many in the eyewitness identification community believe that sequential lineups are superior to simultaneous lineups because simultaneous lineups encourage inappropriate choosing due to promoting comparisons among choices (a relative judgment strategy), but sequential lineups reduce this propensity by inducing comparisons of lineup members directly to memory rather than to each other (an absolute judgment strategy). Different versions of the relative judgment theory have implicated both discrete-state and continuous mediation of eyewitness decisions. The theory has never been formally specified, but (Yonelinas, J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 20:1341–1354, 1994) dual-process models provide one possible specification, thereby allowing us to evaluate how eyewitness decisions are mediated. We utilized a ranking task (Kellen and Klauer, J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 40:1795–1804, 2014) and found evidence for continuous mediation when facial stimuli match from study to test (Experiment 1) and when they mismatch (Experiment 2). This evidence, which is contrary to a version of relative judgment theory that has gained a lot of traction in the legal community, compels reassessment of the role that guessing plays in eyewitness identification. Future research should continue to test formal explanations in order to advance theory, expedite the development of new procedures that can enhance the reliability of eyewitness evidence, and to facilitate the exploration of task factors and emergent strategies that might influence when recognition is continuously or discretely mediated.
机译：目击者识别社区中的许多人认为，顺序阵容优于同步阵容，因为同时阵容由于促进选择之间的比较（一种相对判断策略）而鼓励了不适当的选择，但是顺序阵容通过将阵容成员的比较直接引向记忆而不是记忆来降低了这种倾向。比彼此（绝对的判断策略）。相对判断理论的不同版本牵涉到目击者决策的离散状态和连续中介。该理论从未被正式指定，但是（Yonelinas，J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 20：1341–1354，1994）双过程模型提供了一种可能的规范，从而使我们能够评估目击者的决定如何被调解。我们利用了一项排名任务（Kellen和Klauer，J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 40：1795–1804，2014），并发现当面部刺激从研究到测试匹配时（实验1）和当面部刺激不匹配时（实验2）的持续调解的证据。 。这一证据与相对判断理论的一种说法相反，这种相对判断理论在法律界引起了广泛关注，它迫使人们重新评估猜测在目击者识别中所起的作用。未来的研究应继续测试形式上的解释，以推进理论发展，加快新程序的开发，这些程序可以提高目击者证据的可靠性，并有助于探索在连续或离散介导识别时可能影响的任务因素和新兴策略。 。

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