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Mangrove response to environmental change in Australias Gulf of Carpentaria

机译：红树林对澳大利亚卡彭塔里亚湾环境变化的反应

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Across their range, mangroves are responding to coastal environmental change. However, separating the influence of human activities from natural events and processes (including that associated with climatic fluctuation) is often difficult. In the Gulf of Carpentaria, northern Australia (Leichhardt, Nicholson, Mornington Inlet, and Flinders River catchments), changes in mangroves are assumed to be the result of natural drivers as human impacts are minimal. By comparing classifications from time series of Landsat sensor data for the period 1987–2014, mangroves were observed to have extended seawards by up to 1.9 km (perpendicular to the coastline), with inland intrusion occurring along many of the rivers and rivulets in the tidal reaches. Seaward expansion was particularly evident near the mouth of the Leichhardt River, and was associated with peaks in river discharge with LiDAR data indicating distinct structural zones developing following each large rainfall and discharge event. However, along the Gulf coast, and particularly within the Mornington Inlet catchment, the expansion was more gradual and linked to inundation and regular sediment supply through freshwater input. Landward expansion along the Mornington Inlet catchment was attributed to the combined effects of sea level rise and prolonged periods of tidal and freshwater inundation on coastal lowlands. The study concluded that increased amounts of rainfall and associated flooding and sea level rise were responsible for recent seaward and landward extension of mangroves in this region.
机译：在整个范围内，红树林都在响应沿海环境变化。然而，将人类活动的影响与自然事件和过程（包括与气候波动有关的影响）分开通常是困难的。在澳大利亚北部的卡彭塔里亚海湾（莱希哈特，尼科尔森，莫宁顿湾和弗林德斯河流域），由于对人类的影响很小，因此红树林的变化被认为是自然驱动的结果。通过比较1987-2014年Landsat传感器数据的时间序列中的分类，观察到红树林向海延伸了1.9 km（垂直于海岸线），内陆入侵发生在沿潮汐的许多河流和河流上到达。莱希哈特河口附近的向海扩张特别明显，并且与河流流量的峰值相关联，LiDAR数据表明在每次大的降雨和流量事件之后都会形成不同的结构区。然而，在墨西哥湾沿岸，特别是在莫宁顿湾流域内，扩张是渐进的，并且与洪水和通过淡水输入的定期沉积物供应有关。莫宁顿湾（Mornington Inlet）流域沿岸的土地扩张归因于海平面上升以及沿海低地的潮汐和淡水淹没时间延长的综合影响。研究得出的结论是，该地区红树林最近向海和向内扩展是造成降雨增加，洪水和海平面上升的原因。

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