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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of General Internal Medicine >Simulation Technology for Skills Training and Competency Assessment in Medical Education
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Simulation Technology for Skills Training and Competency Assessment in Medical Education

机译：医学教育中技能训练和能力评估的仿真技术

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Medical education during the past decade has witnessed a significant increase in the use of simulation technology for teaching and assessment. Contributing factors include: changes in health care delivery and academic environments that limit patient availability as educational opportunities; worldwide attention focused on the problem of medical errors and the need to improve patient safety; and the paradigm shift to outcomes-based education with its requirements for assessment and demonstration of competence. The use of simulators addresses many of these issues: they can be readily available at any time and can reproduce a wide variety of clinical conditions on demand. In lieu of the customary (and arguably unethical) system, whereby novices carry out the practice required to master various techniques—including invasive procedures—on real patients, simulation-based education allows trainees to hone their skills in a risk-free environment. Evaluators can also use simulators for reliable assessments of competence in multiple domains. For those readers less familiar with medical simulators, this article aims to provide a brief overview of these educational innovations and their uses; for decision makers in medical education, we hope to broaden awareness of the significant potential of these new technologies for improving physician training and assessment, with a resultant positive impact on patient safety and health care outcomes.
机译：在过去的十年中，医学教育见证了将模拟技术用于教学和评估的显着增加。促成因素包括：医疗服务和学术环境的变化，限制了患者作为教育机会的可用性；全世界的关注都集中在医疗错误问题和提高患者安全性的需求上；范式转向以结果为基础的教育，要求对能力进行评估和证明。模拟器的使用解决了许多这些问题：它们可以随时随地使用，并且可以根据需要再现各种临床状况。代替惯用的（并且可以说是不道德的）系统，由新手对实际患者进行掌握各种技术（包括侵入性程序）所需的实践，基于模拟的教育使受训者可以在无风险的环境中锻炼自己的技能。评估人员还可以使用模拟器对多个领域的能力进行可靠的评估。对于那些不太熟悉医疗模拟器的读者，本文旨在简要概述这些教育创新及其用途。对于医学教育的决策者来说，我们希望扩大人们对这些新技术在改善医师培训和评估方面的巨大潜力的认识，从而对患者安全和卫生保健成果产生积极影响。

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