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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Pharmacology >Deciphering the Neuronal Circuitry Controlling Local Blood Flow in the Cerebral Cortex with Optogenetics in PV::Cre Transgenic Mice
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Deciphering the Neuronal Circuitry Controlling Local Blood Flow in the Cerebral Cortex with Optogenetics in PV::Cre Transgenic Mice

机译：用PV :: Cre转基因小鼠的光遗传学破译控制大脑皮层局部血流的神经元回路。

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Although it is know since more than a century that neuronal activity is coupled to blood supply regulation, the underlying pathways remains to be identified. In the brain, neuronal activation triggers a local increase of cerebral blood flow (CBF) that is controlled by the neurogliovascular unit composed of terminals of neurons, astrocytes, and blood vessel muscles. It is generally accepted that the regulation of the neurogliovascular unit is adjusted to local metabolic demand by local circuits. Today experimental data led us to realize that the regulatory mechanisms are more complex and that a neuronal system within the brain is devoted to the control of local brain-blood flow. Recent optogenetic experiments combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed that light stimulation of neurons expressing the calcium binding protein parvalbumin (PV) is associated with positive blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the corresponding barrel field but also with negative BOLD in the surrounding deeper area. Here, we demonstrate that in acute brain slices, channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) based photostimulation of PV containing neurons gives rise to an effective contraction of penetrating arterioles. These results support the neurogenic hypothesis of a complex distributed nervous system controlling the CBF.
机译：尽管自一个多世纪以来就知道神经元活动与血液供应调节相关，但其潜在途径仍有待确定。在大脑中，神经元激活会触发脑血流量（CBF）的局部增加，而脑血流量由神经元，星形胶质细胞和血管肌肉末端组成的神经胶质血管单位控制。通常认为，神经胶质血管单位的调节通过局部回路被调节至局部代谢需求。如今，实验数据使我们意识到调节机制更加复杂，并且大脑内的神经元系统致力于控制局部脑血流量。最近的光遗传学实验与功能性磁共振成像相结合，发现表达钙结合蛋白小白蛋白（PV）的神经元的光刺激与相应桶形区域中依赖于血氧水平的正（BOLD）信号有关，但与负离子在B桶中的负相关。周围更深的区域。在这里，我们证明了在急性脑切片中，基于通道视紫红质2（ChR2）的含PV神经元的光刺激引起了穿透性小动脉的有效收缩。这些结果支持了控制CBF的复杂分布式神经系统的神经源性假设。

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