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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Does the New Rural Pension System Promote Farmland Transfer in the Context of Aging in Rural China: Evidence from the CHARLS
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Does the New Rural Pension System Promote Farmland Transfer in the Context of Aging in Rural China: Evidence from the CHARLS

机译：中国农村老龄化背景下的新型农村养老金制度是否能促进耕地流转：来自CHARLS的证据

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The lack or instability of the pension system for the elderly in rural China has become a paramount obstacle for sustainable land transfer, namely land use right transfer among farmers, in the context of aging. The New Rural Pension System (NRPS), a pilot project that provided basic security for the elderly, was implemented in 10% of counties in 2009 and rapidly promoted nationwide in China. This study evaluates the impact of NRPS on farmland transfer by developing econometric models by employing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2015. The participation rate in NRPS increased from 25.87% in 2011 to 80.85% in 2015, and the participation rate in farmland transfer rose from 11.56% to 24.04%. Everything else being held equal, the probability of farmers who transferred out their land increased by approximately 13% and the land area has been transferred increased by 11.2% due to participation in NRPS, indicating that the NRPS improved the operation efficiency of land rental market. Furthermore, the heterogeneity analysis showed that the probability and area mentioned above had a significant upward trend with the increase of the time and insured amount of participation in NRPS, which reduced dependence on farmland for the elderly and promoted the sustainability of land transfer. The government should further encourage farmers to increase the coverage and insured amount of pension system in the context of aging. Meanwhile, a platform to promote land transfer should be established to provide information about land supply and demand and reduce the transaction cost of land rental market.
机译：中国农村老年人的养老金制度的缺乏或不稳定已经成为可持续土地转让的重要障碍，也就是老龄化背景下农民之间的土地使用权转让。新农村养老保险制度是为老年人提供基本保障的试点项目，于2009年在10％的县实施，并在全国范围内迅速推广。本研究通过采用中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS），从2011年至2015年开发计量经济学模型，评估了NRPS对农田转移的影响。NRPS的参与率从2011年的25.87％增加到2015年的80.85％，耕地流转参与率从11.56％提高到24.04％。在其他条件保持不变的情况下，由于参与了NRPS，农民转让土地的可能性增加了约13％，土地转让的面积增加了11.2％，这表明NRPS提高了土地租赁市场的运作效率。此外，异质性分析表明，随着NRPS参与时间和投保额的增加，上述可能性和面积呈显着上升趋势，这减少了老年人对耕地的依赖并促进了土地流转的可持续性。政府应进一步鼓励农民在老龄化的背景下增加养老金体系的覆盖面和保险金额。同时，应建立促进土地流转的平台，提供土地供求信息，降低土地租赁市场交易成本。

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