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The Elusive 5′-Deoxyadenosyl Radical: Captured and Characterized by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Electron Nuclear Double Resonance Spectroscopies

机译:难以捉摸的5-脱氧腺苷基团:通过电子顺磁共振和电子核双共振光谱法进行捕获和表征

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摘要

The 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical (5′-dAdo·) abstracts a substrate H atom as the first step in radical-based transformations catalyzed by adenosylcobalamin-dependent and radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (RS) enzymes. Notwithstanding its central biological role, 5′-dAdo· has eluded characterization despite efforts spanning more than a half-century. Here, we report generation of 5′-dAdo· in a RS enzyme active site at 12 K using a novel approach involving cryogenic photoinduced electron transfer from the [4Fe–4S]+ cluster to the coordinated S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to induce homolytic S–C5′ bond cleavage. We unequivocally reveal the structure of this long-sought radical species through the use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopies with isotopic labeling, complemented by density-functional computations: a planar C5′ (2pπ) radical (~70% spin occupancy); the C5′(H)2 plane is rotated by ~37° (experiment)/39° (DFT) relative to the C5′–C4′–(C4′–H) plane, placing a C5′–H antiperiplanar to the ribose-ring oxygen, which helps stabilize the radical against elimination of the 4′–H. The agreement between φ from experiment and in vacuo DFT indicates that the conformation is intrinsic to 5-dAdo· itself, and not determined by its environment.
机译:5'-脱氧腺苷基团(5'-dAdo·)提取底物H原子,这是由腺苷钴胺素依赖性和S-腺苷基-L-蛋氨酸(RS)自由基催化的基于自由基的转化的第一步。尽管5'-dAdo·发挥了重要的生物学作用,但尽管跨越了半个多世纪的努力,却仍无法进行表征。在这里,我们报告了一种新颖的方法,该方法在12 K的RS酶活性位点中产生了5'-dAdo·,该方法涉及从[4Fe–4S] + 团簇到配位S-的低温光致电子转移。腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)诱导S–C5'均键裂解。通过使用带有同位素标记的电子顺磁共振(EPR)和电子核双共振(ENDOR)光谱学,以及密度泛函计算的补充:平面C5'(2pπ)自由基,我们清楚地揭示了这种长期寻找的自由基种类的结构(约70%的旋转占用); C5'(H)2平面相对于C5'–C4'–(C4'–H)平面旋转〜37°(实验)/ 39°(DFT),将C5'–H垂直于核糖放置-氧环,有助于稳定自由基,防止4'–H的消除。来自实验的φ与真空DFT之间的一致性表明该构象是5-dAdo·本身固有的,而不是由其环境决定的。

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