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Reducing power line noise in EEG and MEG data via spectrum interpolation

机译：通过频谱插值减少EEG和MEG数据中的电源线噪声

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摘要

Electroencephalographic (EEG) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals can often be exposed to strong power line interference at 50 or 60 Hz. A widely used method to remove line noise is the notch filter, but it comes with the risk of potentially severe signal distortions. Among other approaches, the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) filter and CleanLine have been developed as alternatives, but they may fail to remove power line noise of highly fluctuating amplitude. Here we introduce spectrum interpolation as a new method to remove line noise in the EEG and MEG signal. This approach had been developed for electromyographic (EMG) signals, and combines the advantages of a notch filter, while synthetic test signals indicate that it introduces less distortion in the time domain. The effectiveness of this method is compared to CleanLine, the notch (Butterworth) and DFT filter. In order to quantify the performance of these three methods, we used synthetic test signals and simulated power line noise with fluctuating amplitude and abrupt on- and offsets that were added to an MEG dataset free of line noise. In addition, all methods were applied to EEG data with massive power line noise due to acquisition in unshielded settings. We show that spectrum interpolation outperforms the DFT filter and CleanLine, when power line noise is nonstationary. At the same time, spectrum interpolation performs equally well as the notch filter in removing line noise artifacts, but shows less distortions in the time domain in many common situations.
机译：脑电图（EEG）和磁脑电图（MEG）信号经常会受到50或60 Hz的强电力线干扰。陷波滤波器是消除线路噪声的一种广泛使用的方法，但存在潜在的严重信号失真的风险。除其他方法外，还开发了离散傅立叶变换（DFT）滤波器和CleanLine作为替代方法，但它们可能无法消除幅度波动很大的电源线噪声。在这里，我们介绍频谱内插作为消除EEG和MEG信号中线路噪声的新方法。这种方法是针对肌电图（EMG）信号开发的，结合了陷波滤波器的优点，而综合测试信号表明它在时域中引入的失真较小。将该方法的效果与CleanLine，陷波（Butterworth）和DFT滤波器进行了比较。为了量化这三种方法的性能，我们使用了合成的测试信号和模拟的电源线噪声，这些信号具有波动的幅度以及突然的导通和偏移，这些噪声已添加到不含线噪声的MEG数据集中。此外，由于在非屏蔽环境下的采集，所有方法都被应用于带有大量电源线噪声的EEG数据。我们展示了当电力线噪声不稳定时，频谱插值的性能优于DFT滤波器和CleanLine。同时，频谱内插在消除线路噪声伪像方面的性能与陷波滤波器相同，但在许多常见情况下时域中的失真较小。

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