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Introducing Temporal Theory to the Field of Sport Psychology: Toward a Conceptual Model of Time Perspectives in Athletes’ Functioning

机译:将时间理论引入运动心理学领域:建立运动员功能中时间观点的概念模型

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摘要

Time perspective theory provides a robust conceptual framework for analyzing human behavior in the context of time. So far, the concept has been studied and applied in multiple life domains, such as education, health, social relationships, environmental behavior, or financial behavior; however, its explanatory potential has been completely neglected within the domain of sport. In the present paper we provide a deepened theoretical analysis of the potential role of temporal framing of human experience for sport-related attitudes, emotions, and athletic performance. We propose a conceptual model in which time perspectives influence psychological functioning and performance of athletes via three major mechanisms: (1) magnitude and persistence of sport motivation and resulting athlete engagement, (2) regulation of affective states during sport performance, and (3) appraisal of one’s performance and coping with resulting emotions. We support the theoretical considerations based on the major assumptions of time perspective theory with research findings regarding the regulatory role of time perspectives in other life domains. We also highlight potential research paths that would allow us to empirically test the present model and determine the actual role of temporal perspectives in shaping crucial aspects of athletes’ psychological functioning, as well as levels of their sport performance.
机译:时间透视理论为分析时间范围内的人类行为提供了一个强大的概念框架。到目前为止,已经对该概念进行了研究并将其应用于多个生活领域,例如教育,健康,社会关系,环境行为或财务行为。但是,它的解释潜力在体育领域已被完全忽略。在本文中,我们提供了对人类体验的时间框架对于与运动相关的态度,情感和运动表现的潜在作用的深化理论分析。我们提出了一个概念模型,其中时间观点通过三个主要机制影响运动员的心理功能和表现:(1)运动动机的大小和持续性以及由此产生的运动员参与度;(2)运动表现期间对情感状态的调节;以及(3)评估自己的表现并应对由此产生的情绪。我们支持基于时间观点理论的主要假设的理论考虑,以及有关时间观点在其他生命领域中的调节作用的研究成果。我们还将重点介绍潜在的研究途径,这些途径将使我们能够对现有模型进行实证测试,并确定时间观点在塑造运动员心理功能的关键方面以及他们的运动水平方面的实际作用。

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