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Rhizosphere Microenvironments of Eight Common Deciduous Fruit Trees Were Shaped by Microbes in Northern China

机译：中国北方八种常见落叶果树的根际微环境

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The rhizosphere microenvironment is the site of nutrient circulation and microbial community formation, and thus is an ongoing topic of research. Although research on this topic is extensive, studies into the rhizosphere microenvironment of fruit trees remain rare. To elucidate the mechanisms driving the fruit tree rhizosphere microenvironment, we assessed soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, the community-level physiological profile (CLPP) and microbial diversity in rhizospheric soils of eight common deciduous fruit trees in northern China. We found that the available minerals, pH, enzyme activities, microbial utilization of six types of carbon (C) substrates, and microbial diversity in the rhizosphere varied among tree species. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that rhizosphere microenvironmental parameters (ammonia nitrogen content, soil pH and invertase activity) were closely related to the soil microbial community. Further analysis revealed that the soil microbial utilization of six C sources, nitrate nitrogen content, and invertase activity were negatively correlated with Ambiguous species and Alternaria; however, these groups were positively correlated with pH. The ammonia nitrogen content was positively correlated with C source utilization and negatively correlated with Ambiguous, Lysobacter, Nitrospira, Alternaria, Fusarium, and Colletotrichum. Interestingly, invertase was closely linked to the microbial community, especially fungal diversity, and was positively correlated with plant-beneficial microbes such as Mortierella, Geomyces, Lysobacter, and Chaetomium, but negatively correlated with pathogenic microbes such as Alternaria, Fusarium, and Colletotrichum. Hence, rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial community were significantly affected by tree species. Additionally, a variety of environmental factors were closely related to the microbial community in the rhizospheric soils of eight species of deciduous fruit trees.
机译：根际微环境是养分循环和微生物群落形成的场所，因此是一个持续的研究课题。尽管对此主题的研究广泛，但对果树根际微环境的研究仍然很少。为了阐明驱动果树根际微环境的机制，我们评估了中国北方八种常见落叶果树的根际土壤理化性质，酶活性，群落水平的生理特征（CLPP）和微生物多样性。我们发现可用的矿物质，pH，酶活性，六种类型的碳（C）底物的微生物利用以及根际中的微生物多样性在树种之间有所不同。冗余分析（RDA）表明，根际微环境参数（氨氮含量，土壤pH和转化酶活性）与土壤微生物群落密切相关。进一步的分析表明，土壤中6种碳源的微生物利用，硝酸盐氮含量和转化酶活性与歧义物种和链格孢菌呈负相关。然而，这些组与pH呈正相关。氨氮含量与碳源利用呈正相关，与歧义，溶菌，硝化螺菌，链霉菌，镰刀菌和炭疽菌呈负相关。有趣的是，转化酶与微生物群落特别是真菌多样性密切相关，与植物有益微生物如Mortierella，Geomyces，溶菌和Chaetomium正相关，而与病原微生物如Alternaria，Fusarium和Colletotrichum负相关。因此，树种对根际土壤的理化性质，酶活性和微生物群落有显着影响。此外，多种环境因素与八种落叶果树的根际土壤中的微生物群落密切相关。

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