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Microbiota Changes in the Musk Gland of Male Forest Musk Deer During Musk Maturation

机译：麝香成熟过程中雄性森林麝鹿麝香中微生物的变化

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The musk gland in an adult male forest musk deer is an organ that synthesizes, stores, and secretes musk, a cream-colored liquid upon initial secretion that gradually transforms into a blackish-brown solid substance upon full maturation. In this study, four healthy adult male forest musk deer were selected and a total of 12 musk samples were collected for analysis. The samples were in three different states depending on the different seasonal collection dates, which were in June, August, and October. High-throughput 16S-rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to detect microbiota changes in the gland. The results indicate that microbial richness gradually declined during the musk maturation process. The microbiota composition between the initial liquid and final solid musk samples was varied significantly (P < 0.05). The dominant bacterial phyla were similar at all three stages included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. However, the abundances were differences in terms of the dominant bacterial genera. PICRUSt analysis showed the highest represented category was “Amino acid transport and metabolism” (24.8%), followed by “Transcription” (22.04%), and “Carbohydrate transport and metabolism” (20.74%). Our findings indicate that the microbiota in the musk gland plays an important role in the maturation process of musk.
机译：成年雄性森林麝鹿中的麝香腺是一种器官，在最初分泌时会合成，储存和分泌麝香，一种乳白色的液体，在完全成熟后会逐渐转变成黑褐色的固体物质。在这项研究中，选择了四只健康的成年雄性森林麝，并收集了总共12个麝香样品进行分析。根据不同的季节性采集日期（分别在6月，8月和10月），样品处于三个不同的州。高通量16S-rRNA基因测序技术用于检测腺体中的微生物群变化。结果表明，在麝香成熟过程中微生物丰富度逐渐下降。初始液体麝香和最终固体麝香样品之间的微生物群组成差异很大（P <0.05）。在所有三个阶段，优势菌门都相似，包括硬毛菌，变形杆菌，放线菌和拟杆菌。但是，丰度是优势细菌属的差异。 PICRUSt分析显示，代表最高的类别是“氨基酸运输和代谢”（24.8％），其次是“转录”（22.04％）和“碳水化合物运输和代谢”（20.74％）。我们的发现表明，麝香腺中的微生物群在麝香的成熟过程中起着重要作用。

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