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Looking to the Future: A Synthesis of New Developments and Challenges in Suicide Research and Prevention

机译：展望未来：自杀研究和预防的新发展和新挑战的综合报告

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摘要

Suicide and attempted suicide are major public health concerns. In recent decades, there have been many welcome developments in understanding and preventing suicide, as well as good progress in intervening with those who have attempted suicide. Despite these developments, though, considerable challenges remain. In this article, we explore both the recent developments and the challenges ahead for the field of suicide research and prevention. To do so, we consulted 32 experts from 12 countries spanning four continents who had contributed to the International Handbook of Suicide Prevention (2nd edition). All contributors nominated, in their view, (i) the top 3 most exciting new developments in suicide research and prevention in recent years, and (ii) the top 3 challenges. We have synthesized their suggestions into new developments and challenges in research and practice, giving due attention to implications for psychosocial interventions. This Perspective article is not a review of the literature, although we did draw from the suicide research literature to obtain evidence to elucidate the responses from the contributors. Key new developments and challenges include: employing novel techniques to improve the prediction of suicidal behavior; testing and applying theoretical models of suicidal behavior; harnessing new technologies to monitor and intervene in suicide risk; expanding suicide prevention activities to low and middle-income countries; moving toward a more refined understanding of sub-groups of people at risk and developing tailored interventions. We also discuss the importance of multidisciplinary working and the challenges of implementing interventions in practice.
机译：自杀和未遂自杀是主要的公共卫生问题。近几十年来，在理解和预防自杀方面取得了许多可喜的进展，并且在干预自杀者方面取得了良好的进展。尽管取得了这些进展，但是仍然存在相当大的挑战。在本文中，我们探讨了自杀研究和预防领域的最新发展和挑战。为此，我们咨询了来自四大洲12个国家的32位专家，他们为《国际预防自杀手册》（第二版）做出了贡献。他们认为，所有贡献者都提名了（i）近年来自杀研究和预防方面最令人兴奋的三大新进展，以及（ii）前三大挑战。我们已将他们的建议综合到研究和实践的新发展和挑战中，并充分注意了对社会心理干预的影响。尽管我们确实从自杀研究文献中汲取了证据，以阐明贡献者的回答，但该观点文章并未对文献进行评论。关键的新发展和挑战包括：采用新颖的技术来改善对自杀行为的预测；测试和应用自杀行为的理论模型；利用新技术监测和干预自杀风险；将预防自杀的活动扩大到中低收入国家；逐渐对风险人群进行更精细的了解，并制定针对性的干预措施。我们还将讨论跨学科工作的重要性以及在实践中实施干预措施的挑战。

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