In the present research, we introduce the notion of fit in cultural knowledge (FICK) – which we define as a match between the self and others in representing a cultural tradition. For ethnic minorities, FICK can be manifested in different degrees of matching their personal beliefs about their heritage culture with outgroup as well as ingroup beliefs about their heritage culture. We conducted two studies with the objective of exploring the potentially negative effects of FICK on Chinese Canadians’ heritage identification. In both studies, Chinese Canadian university students (N = 102; N = 156) indicated their personal beliefs about what values are normative in Chinese culture. Ingroup beliefs were assessed by beliefs about Chinese values that Chinese Canadians ascribed to their parents (Study 2), whereas outgroup beliefs were assessed by beliefs about Chinese values that were held by Euro-Canadians (Study 1) or that Chinese Canadians ascribed to Euro-Canadians (Study 2). The main findings based on a series of path models are as follows: (1) a stronger FICK generally predicted lower Chinese identification (centrality, ingroup ties, and affect), yet those negative effects were largely manifested in the openness to change versus conservation rather than in the self-transcendence versus self-enhancement value dimension. (2) The negative effects could be explained by Chinese Canadians’ experience of bicultural conflict (Study 1) and the frustration of continuity, meaning, and belonging identity motives (Study 2), suggesting that it matters which specific views of Chinese culture are matched in FICK. 3) Individuals who agreed with the perceived outgroup beliefs, and parental beliefs to a lesser extent, were more likely to apply the model minority stereotype to other Chinese Canadians (Study 2). Taken together, those findings demonstrate the challenges FICK presents to heritage identity maintenance among Chinese Canadian young adults. Implications for enculturation and cultural fit are discussed.
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机译：在本研究中，我们介绍适合文化的概念（FICK）-我们将其定义为自我与他人在代表文化传统方面的匹配。对于少数族裔，FICK可以在不同程度上体现他们对遗产文化的个人信念与外来群体以及对遗产文化的内在信念的匹配。我们进行了两项研究，目的是探索FICK对加拿大华人遗产识别的潜在负面影响。在这两项研究中，加拿大华裔大学生（N = 102； N = 156）表明了他们对中国文化中哪些价值观具有规范性的个人信念。内向信仰是通过对加拿大华人归属于其父母的中国价值观的信念来评估的（研究2），而外向信仰是通过对加拿大欧洲人所持的中国价值观的信念（研究1）或归因于欧洲的加拿大华人的信念进行评估的。加拿大人（研究2）。基于一系列路径模型的主要发现如下：（1）FICK增强通常预示了较低的华裔认同感（集中度，团伙关系和情感），但这些负面影响主要表现在开放与保守相对比自我超越与自我提升价值维度（2）负面影响可以用加拿大华人的双重文化冲突经验（研究1）和对连续性，意义和归属身份动机的挫败感（研究2）来解释，这表明与中国文化的特定观点相匹配至关重要在FICK。 3）那些认同外来群体的信念和父母的信念程度较小的人，更有可能将少数群体刻板印象模型应用于其他加拿大华人（研究2）。综上所述，这些发现证明了FICK对加拿大华裔年轻人的遗产身份维护提出的挑战。讨论了对文化和文化适应的影响。
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