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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Wheat-Maize Intercropping With Reduced Tillage and Straw Retention: A Step Towards Enhancing Economic and Environmental Benefits in Arid Areas
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Wheat-Maize Intercropping With Reduced Tillage and Straw Retention: A Step Towards Enhancing Economic and Environmental Benefits in Arid Areas

机译：减少耕作和秸秆保留的小麦/玉米间作：迈向干旱地区增强经济和环境效益的一步

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Intercropping is considered a promising system for boosting crop productivity. However, intercropping usually requires higher inputs of resources that emit more CO2. It is unclear whether an improved agricultural pattern could relieve this issue and enhance agricultural sustainability in an arid irrigation area. A field experiment using a well-designed agricultural practice was carried out in northwest China; reduced tillage, coupled with wheat straw residue retention measures, was integrated with a strip intercropping pattern. We determined the crop productivity, water use, economic benefits, and carbon emissions (CEs). The wheat-maize intercropping coupled with straw covering (i.e., NTSI treatment), boosted grain yield by 27–38% and 153–160% more than the conventional monoculture of maize and wheat, respectively, and it also increased by 9.9–11.9% over the conventional intercropping treatment. Similarly, this pattern also improved the water use efficiency by 15.4–22.4% in comparison with the conventional monoculture of maize by 45.7–48.3% in comparison with the conventional monoculture of wheat and by 14.7–15.9% in comparison with the conventional intercropping treatment. Meanwhile, NTSI treatment caused 7.4–13.7% and 37.0–47.7% greater solar energy use efficiency than the conventional monoculture of maize and wheat, respectively. Furthermore, the NTSI treatment had a higher net return (NR) by 54–71% and 281–338% and a higher benefit per cubic meter of water (BPW) by 35–51% and 119–147% more than the conventional monoculture of maize and wheat, respectively. Similarly, it increased the NR and BPW by 8–14% and 14–16% in comparison with the conventional intercropping treatment, respectively. An additional feature of the NTSI treatment is that it reduced CEs by 13.4–23.8% and 7.3–17.5% while improving CE efficiency by 62.6–66.9% and 23.2–33.2% more than the conventional monoculture maize and intercropping treatments, respectively. We can draw a conclusion that intercropping maize and wheat, with a straw covering soil surface, can be used to enhance crop production and NRs while effectively lowering CO2 emissions in arid oasis irrigation region.
机译：间作被认为是提高作物生产力的有前途的系统。然而，间作通常需要更多的资源输入，从而释放出更多的二氧化碳。尚不清楚改善农业模式是否可以缓解这一问题并提高干旱灌溉地区的农业可持续性。在中国西北地区进行了精心设计的农业实践田间试验；减少的耕作，加上小麦秸秆残留物的保留措施，与带间作模式结合在一起。我们确定了作物的生产力，用水量，经济效益和碳排放量（CE）。小麦-玉米间作与秸秆覆盖（即NTSI处理）相结合，分别比常规的玉米和小麦单季种植提高了27-38％和153-160％的谷物产量，并且也提高了9.9-11.9％超过传统的间作处理。同样，与传统的玉米单作相比，这种模式的用水效率也提高了15.4-22.4％，与常规的小麦单作相比提高了45.7-48.3％，与传统的间作处理相比提高了14.7-15.9％。同时，NTSI处理分别比常规的玉米和小麦单一栽培提高了7.4-13.7％和37.0-47.7％的太阳能利用效率。此外，与传统的单作养殖相比，NTSI处理的净收益（NR）高出54–71％和281–338％，每立方米水（BPW）带来的收益高出35–51％和119–147％。分别为玉米和小麦。同样，与常规间作处理相比，其NR和BPW分别增加了8–14％和14–16％。 NTSI处理的另一个特点是，与传统的单作玉米和套种作物相比，其CE降低了13.4–23.8％和7.3–17.5％，而CE效率分别提高了62.6–66.9％和23.2–33.2％。我们可以得出一个结论，在秸秆覆盖土壤表面的玉米和小麦间作可用于提高作物产量和NR，同时有效降低干旱绿洲灌溉区的CO2排放。

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