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Shock-probe Defensive Burying Test to Measure Active versus Passive Coping Style in Response to an Aversive Stimulus in Rats

机译：震击防御性掩埋测试用于测量对大鼠厌恶刺激的主动应对方式与被动应对方式

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Maladaptive avoidance behaviors are seen in many stress-related psychiatric illnesses. Patients with these illnesses favor passive, avoidant coping strategies rather than adaptive, active coping strategies. Preclinically, coping strategy can be measured in rats using the shock-probe defensive burying test, wherein rats receive a shock from an electrified probe inserted into a test cage that mimics their home cage environment, and behavioral output (immobility or burying) is recorded for 15 min following the shock. Immobility in response to the perceived threat of the shock-probe, associated with elevated stress hormone levels, is regarded as a passive, maladaptive coping strategy. In opposition, burying the probe is associated with lower stress hormone levels and is considered an active, adaptive coping style. In rats, chronic stress induces a shift from active to passive coping in this test (i.e., proportionally less burying and more immobility), modeling the avoidant symptoms presented across many stress-related psychiatric illnesses. The stress-induced shifts in coping style and overall behavioral reactivity to the shock-probe provide a unique and well-validated measure of not only an anxiety-like behavioral response but also coping strategy selection in rat models of psychiatric illness.
机译：在许多与压力有关的精神疾病中，都出现了适应不良的回避行为。这些疾病的患者偏爱被动的，避免的应对策略，而不是适应性的主动应对策略。临床前，可以使用电击探针防御性掩埋测试在大鼠中测量应对策略，其中大鼠从插入模拟笼子环境的测试笼中的带电探针受到电击，并记录行为输出（不动或掩埋）震动后15分钟。响应于感知到的电击探针的威胁而静止不动与压力激素水平升高有关，被认为是一种被动的，适应不良的应对策略。相反，掩埋探针会降低压力荷尔蒙水平，并被认为是一种主动的适应性应对方式。在大鼠中，慢性应激在该测试中导致从主动应对转变为被动应对（即成比例地减少掩埋和更多的不动），从而模拟了在许多与压力有关的精神疾病中表现出的回避症状。应激引起的应对方式和整体行为对电击探针反应的转变不仅为焦虑症样的行为反应提供了独特且经过充分验证的方法，还为精神病大鼠模型中的应对策略选择提供了有效的方法。

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