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All-Oxide Thermoelectric Module with in Situ FormedNon-Rectifying Complex p–p–n Junction and TransverseThermoelectric Effect

机译:原位成型的全氧化物热电模块非整定p–p–n结和横向热电效应

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摘要

All-oxide thermoelectric modules for energy harvesting are attractive because of high-temperature stability, low cost, and the potential to use nonscarce and nontoxic elements. Thermoelectric modules are mostly fabricated in the conventional π-design, associated with the challenge of unstable metallic interconnects at high temperature. Here, we report on a novel approach for fabrication of a thermoelectric module with an in situ formed p–p–n junction made of state-of-the-art oxides Ca3Co4–xO9+δ (p-type) and CaMnO3–CaMn2O4 composite (n-type). The module was fabricated by spark plasma co-sintering of p- and n-type powders partly separated by insulating LaAlO3. Where the n- and p-type materials originally were in contact, a layer of p-type Ca3CoMnO6 was formed in situ. The hence formed p–p–n junction exhibited Ohmic behavior and a transverse thermoelectric effect, boosting the open-circuit voltage of the module. The performance of the module was characterized at 700–900 °C, with the highest power output of 5.7 mW (around 23 mW/cm2) at 900 °C and a temperature difference of 160 K. The thermoelectricproperties of the p- and n-type materials were measured in the temperaturerange 100–900 °C, where the highest zT of 0.39 and 0.05 were obtained at 700 and 800 °C, respectively,for Ca3Co4–xO9+δ and the CaMnO3–CaMn2O4 composite.
机译:用于能量收集的全氧化物热电模块之所以具有吸引力,是因为其高温稳定性,低成本以及使用无稀缺和无毒元素的潜力。热电模块大多以常规的π型设计制造,伴随着高温下不稳定的金属互连的挑战。在这里,我们报告了一种新型的热电模块制造方法,该模块具有由最先进的氧化物Ca3Co4–xO9 +δ(p型)和CaMnO3–CaMn2O4复合材料制成的原位形成的p–p–n结(n型)。该模块是通过火花等离子体共烧结被绝缘LaAlO3部分分离的p型和n型粉末而制成的。在最初与n型和p型材料接触的地方,就地形成了p型Ca3CoMnO6层。由此形成的p–p–n结表现出欧姆特性和横向热电效应,从而提高了模块的开路电压。该模块的性能在700–900°C时进行了表征,在900°C和160 K的温差下,最高功率输出为5.7 mW(约23 mW / cm 2 )。热电在温度下测量p型和n型材料的性能范围为100-900°C,其中700和800°C分别获得的最高zT为0.39和0.05,Ca3Co4-xO9 +δ和CaMnO3-CaMn2O4复合材料。

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