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Vascular Graft Pressure-Flow Monitoring Using 3D Printed MWCNT-PDMS Strain Sensors

机译:使用3D打印MWCNT-PDMS应变传感器的血管移植物压力流监测

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摘要

Real-time monitoring of arteriovenous graft blood flow would provide early warning of graft failure to permit interventions such as angioplasty or graft replacement to avoid catastrophic failure. We have developed a new type of flexible pulsation sensor (FPS) consisting of a 3D printed elastic cuff wrapped around a graft and thus not in contact with blood. The FPS uses multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a piezoresistive sensor layer, which is embedded within structural thixotropic PDMS. These materials were specifically developed to enable sensor additive manufacturing via 3D Bio-plotting, and the resulting strain sensor is more compliant and has a wider maximum strain range than graft materials. Here, we analyze the strain transduction mechanics on a vascular graft and describe the memristive properties of MWCNT-PDMS composites, which may be mitigated using AC biasing. In vitro testing of the FPS on a vascular graft phantom showed a robust, linear sensor output to pulsatile flows (170–650 mL/min) and pressures (62–175 mmHg). The FPS showed an RMS error when measuring pressure and flow of 7.7 mmHg and 29.3 mL/min, with a mean measurement error of 6.5% (pressure) and 8.0% (flow).
机译:实时监测动静脉移植物的血流将提供移植物衰竭的早期预警,以允许进行血管成形术或移植物置换等干预措施,以避免灾难性衰竭。我们开发了一种新型的柔性脉动传感器(FPS),该传感器由3D打印的弹性袖带组成,该袖带包裹在移植物上,因此不与血液接触。 FPS使用分散在聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)中的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)作为压阻传感器层,该传感器层嵌入结构触变PDMS内。这些材料经过专门开发,可以通过3D Bio-plotting进行传感器增材制造,并且所得的应变传感器比移植材料更顺应且具有更大的最大应变范围。在这里,我们分析了在血管移植物上的应变传递力学,并描述了MWCNT-PDMS复合材料的忆阻性能,这可以通过使用AC偏压来缓解。在血管移植体模上对FPS进行的体外测试显示,对于搏动流量(170–650 mL / min)和压力(62–175 mmHg),线性传感器的输出稳定可靠。当测量压力和流量为7.7 mmHg和29.3 mL / min时,FPS显示RMS误差,平均测量误差为6.5%(压力)和8.0%(流量)。

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