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An automated high-throughput plant phenotyping system using machine learning-based plant segmentation and image analysis

机译:使用基于机器学习的植物分割和图像分析的自动化高通量植物表型系统

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摘要

A high-throughput plant phenotyping system automatically observes and grows many plant samples. Many plant sample images are acquired by the system to determine the characteristics of the plants (populations). Stable image acquisition and processing is very important to accurately determine the characteristics. However, hardware for acquiring plant images rapidly and stably, while minimizing plant stress, is lacking. Moreover, most software cannot adequately handle large-scale plant imaging. To address these problems, we developed a new, automated, high-throughput plant phenotyping system using simple and robust hardware, and an automated plant-imaging-analysis pipeline consisting of machine-learning-based plant segmentation. Our hardware acquires images reliably and quickly and minimizes plant stress. Furthermore, the images are processed automatically. In particular, large-scale plant-image datasets can be segmented precisely using a classifier developed using a superpixel-based machine-learning algorithm (Random Forest), and variations in plant parameters (such as area) over time can be assessed using the segmented images. We performed comparative evaluations to identify an appropriate learning algorithm for our proposed system, and tested three robust learning algorithms. We developed not only an automatic analysis pipeline but also a convenient means of plant-growth analysis that provides a learning data interface and visualization of plant growth trends. Thus, our system allows end-users such as plant biologists to analyze plant growth via large-scale plant image data easily.
机译:高通量植物表型系统会自动观察并生长许多植物样品。系统会获取许多植物样本图像,以确定植物(种群)的特征。稳定的图像采集和处理对于准确确定特性非常重要。然而,缺乏在最小化植物压力的同时快速且稳定地获取植物图像的硬件。而且,大多数软件不能充分处理大规模植物成像。为了解决这些问题,我们使用简单而强大的硬件开发了一种新的,自动化的,高通量植物表型分析系统,以及一个由基于机器学习的植物分割组成的自动化植物成像分析流水线。我们的硬件可以可靠,快速地获取图像,并最大程度地减少植物压力。此外,图像会被自动处理。特别是,大型植物图像数据集可以使用基于基于超像素的机器学习算法(随机森林)开发的分类器进行精确分割,并且可以使用分割后的图像评估植物参数(例如面积)随时间的变化图片。我们进行了比较评估,以确定适合我们提出的系统的学习算法,并测试了三种健壮的学习算法。我们不仅开发了自动分析管道,还开发了便捷的植物生长分析方法,该方法提供了学习数据界面和可视化的植物生长趋势。因此,我们的系统允许最终用户(例如植物生物学家)通过大规模植物图像数据来分析植物生长。

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