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Differences between nitrogen-tolerant and nitrogen-susceptible sweetpotato cultivars in photosynthate distribution and transport under different nitrogen conditions

机译：不同氮条件下耐氮和对氮敏感的甘薯品种光合产物分配和转运的差异

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摘要

To characterize the differences in photosynthate distribution and transport between nitrogen(N)-tolerant and N-susceptible sweetpotato cultivars under different N conditions, three N levels, including 0 (N0), 120 (N120), and 240 kg ha−1 (N240), were used in field experiments with the Jishu26 (J26) and Xushu32 (X32) cultivars in 2015 and 2016. The results from both years revealed that high N application reduced the tuberous root yield, the tuber/vine rate of carbon-13 (13C), and top-to-base (three equal segments of stem divided from the fifth opened leaf of the shoot tip to the main stem, defined as the top, middle, and base parts, respectively) gradients such as sucrose, ammonia N and potassium along the stem. ‘J26’ showed a higher yield than ‘X32’ under N0 but lower yield than ‘X32’ under N120 and N240. It also exhibited a higher 13C distribution to tuberous roots compared with that of ‘X32’ under N0, and the opposite trend was observed under N120 and N240. Under N0, ‘J26’ showed a steep top-to-base amino acid gradient and a significantly lower top-to-base sucrose increase along the stem in the late growth stage. Under N120 and N240, ‘X32’ exhibited a greater top-to-base decrease in the ammonia N along the stem during the main growth stages, a steep top-to-base sucrose gradient along the stem in the early growth stage, and a lower top-to-base sucrose increase along the stem in the middle and late growth stages. The formation of a reasonable photosynthate distribution structure attributed to high yield was related to a desirable sucrose, ammonia N or K+ gradient downward along the stem. These results might help provide farmers with sweetpotato cultivars using less or no N fertilizer in soils of different fertility and enhance the knowledge of yield-related physiology.
机译：为了表征在不同氮条件下耐氮（N）和氮敏感甘薯品种之间光合产物分配和运输的差异，三个氮水平，包括0（N0），120（N120）和240 kg ha - 1 （N240），分别在2015年和2016年用于Jishu26（J26）和Xushu32（X32）品种的田间试验。两年的结果表明，高氮施用会降低块根产量，块茎/葡萄藤的碳13（ 13 C）率和顶至底（从茎尖的第五片打开的叶子到主茎（定义为顶部）划分为三等分的茎，分别沿茎干的中间部分和底部部分）的梯度，例如蔗糖，氨氮和钾。在N0下，'J26'的产量高于'X32'，但在N120和N240下的产量却低于'X32'。在N0下，其结节根的 13 C分布也高于“ X32”，在N120和N240下观察到相反的趋势。在N0下，“ J26”在茎的生长后期显示出一个从顶部到底部的陡峭的氨基酸梯度，并且从顶部到底部的蔗糖的增加显着降低。在N120和N240下，“ X32”在主要生长阶段沿茎的氨氮表现出较大的从顶部到底部的下降，在生长早期沿茎的从顶部到底部的蔗糖梯度陡峭，并且在生长期的中后期，茎顶到基部的蔗糖含量较低。归因于高产的合理的光合产物分配结构的形成与沿茎向下理想的蔗糖，氨氮或K + 梯度有关。这些结果可能有助于为农民提供在不同肥力的土壤中使用较少或不施用氮肥的甘薯品种，并增强与产量相关的生理知识。

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