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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Psychiatry >Predicting Medical Students’ Current Attitudes Toward Psychiatry Interest in Psychiatry and Estimated Likelihood of Working in Psychiatry: A Cross-Sectional Study in Four European Countries
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Predicting Medical Students’ Current Attitudes Toward Psychiatry Interest in Psychiatry and Estimated Likelihood of Working in Psychiatry: A Cross-Sectional Study in Four European Countries

机译：预测医学生对精神病学的当前态度对精神病学的兴趣以及估计的精神病学工作可能性：在四个欧洲国家的跨部门研究

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Psychiatry as a medical discipline is becoming increasingly important due to the high and increasing worldwide burden associated with mental disorders. Surprisingly, however, there is a lack of young academics choosing psychiatry as a career. Previous evidence on medical students’ perspectives is abundant but has methodological shortcomings. Therefore, by attempting to avoid previous shortcomings, we aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the predictors of the following three outcome variables: current medical students’ attitudes toward psychiatry, interest in psychiatry, and estimated likelihood of working in psychiatry. The sample consisted of N = 1,356 medical students at 45 medical schools in Germany and Austria as well as regions of Switzerland and Hungary with a German language curriculum. We used snowball sampling via Facebook with a link to an online questionnaire as recruitment procedure. Snowball sampling is based on referrals made among people. This questionnaire included a German version of the Attitudes Toward Psychiatry Scale (ATP-30-G) and further variables related to outcomes and potential predictors in terms of sociodemography (e.g., gender) or medical training (e.g., curriculum-related experience with psychiatry). Data were analyzed by linear mixed models and further regression models. On average, students had a positive attitude to and high general interest in, but low professional preference for, psychiatry. A neutral attitude to psychiatry was partly related to the discipline itself, psychiatrists, or psychiatric patients. Female gender and previous experience with psychiatry, particularly curriculum-related and personal experience, were important predictors of all outcomes. Students in the first years of medical training were more interested in pursuing psychiatry as a career. Furthermore, the country of the medical school was related to the outcomes. However, statistical models explained only a small proportion of variance. The findings indicate that particularly curriculum-related experience is important for determining attitudes toward psychiatry, interest in the subject and self-predicted professional career choice. We therefore encourage the provision of opportunities for clinical experience by psychiatrists. However, further predictor variables need to be considered in future studies.
机译：由于精神疾病相关的全球负担日益增加，精神病学作为医学学科正变得越来越重要。但是，令人惊讶的是，缺少年轻的学者选择精神病学作为职业。以前有关医学生观点的证据很丰富，但是在方法上存在缺陷。因此，通过尝试避免以前的缺点，我们旨在帮助更好地理解以下三个结果变量的预测因子：当前医学生对精神病学的态度，对精神病学的兴趣以及估计的从事精神病学的可能性。样本由德国和奥地利以及瑞士和匈牙利的45所医学院开设了德语课程的N = 1,356名医学院学生组成。我们使用了通过Facebook进行雪球采样以及链接到在线问卷作为招聘程序的方法。雪球采样基于人们之间的推荐。该调查表包括德语版的“精神病学态度量表”（ATP-30-G），以及与社会人口统计学（例如性别）或医学培训（例如，与精神病学相关的课程经验）方面的结果和潜在预测指标相关的其他变量。通过线性混合模型和进一步的回归模型分析数据。平均而言，学生对精神病学抱有积极的态度，对精神病学的兴趣很高，但对专业的偏爱却很低。对精神病学持中立态度部分与学科本身，精神病医生或精神病患者有关。女性性别和先前的精神病学经验，尤其是与课程相关的经验和个人经验，是所有结果的重要预测指标。在医学培训的头几年，学生对追求精神病学的职业更加感兴趣。此外，医学院所在的国家与结果有关。但是，统计模型只能解释一小部分方差。研究结果表明，特别是与课程相关的经验对于确定对精神病学的态度，对该学科的兴趣以及自我预测的专业职业选择非常重要。因此，我们鼓励精神科医生提供临床经验的机会。但是，在未来的研究中还需要考虑更多的预测变量。

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