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Development of a step-down method for altering male C57BL/6 mouse housing density and hierarchical structure: Preparations for spaceflight studies

机译：开发一种用于降低雄性C57BL / 6小鼠住房密度和等级结构的降压方法：航天研究的准备

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This study was initiated as a component of a larger undertaking designed to study bone healing in microgravity aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Spaceflight experimentation introduces multiple challenges not seen in ground studies, especially with regard to physical space, limited resources, and inability to easily reproduce results. Together, these can lead to diminished statistical power and increased risk of failure. It is because of the limited space, and need for improved statistical power by increasing sample size over historical numbers, NASA studies involving mice require housing mice at densities higher than recommended in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (). All previous NASA missions in which mice were co-housed, involved female mice; however, in our spaceflight studies examining bone healing, male mice are required for optimal experimentation. Additionally, the logistics associated with spaceflight hardware and our study design necessitated variation of density and cohort make up during the experiment. This required the development of a new method to successfully co-house male mice while varying mouse density and hierarchical structure.For this experiment, male mice in an experimental housing schematic of variable density (Spaceflight Correlate) analogous to previously established NASA spaceflight studies was compared to a standard ground based housing schematic (Normal Density Controls) throughout the experimental timeline. We hypothesized that mice in the Spaceflight Correlate group would show no significant difference in activity, aggression, or stress when compared to Normal Density Controls. Activity and aggression were assessed using a novel activity scoring system (based on prior literature, validated in-house) and stress was assessed via body weights, organ weights, and veterinary assessment. No significant differences were detected between the Spaceflight Correlate group and the Normal Density Controls in activity, aggression, body weight, or organ weight, which was confirmed by veterinary assessments. Completion of this study allowed for clearance by NASA of our bone healing experiments aboard the ISS, and our experiment was successfully launched February 19, 2017 on SpaceX CRS-10.
机译：这项研究是一项更大的研究的一部分，该研究旨在研究国际空间站（ISS）上的微重力下的骨愈合。航天实验引入了地面研究中未曾遇到的多个挑战，特别是在物理空间，有限的资源以及无法轻松复制结果方面。这些因素加在一起可能导致统计能力下降和失败的风险增加。由于空间有限，并且需要通过增加样本数量来超过历史数字来提高统计能力，因此，涉及小鼠的NASA研究要求以高于实验动物护理和使用指南（）中推荐的密度饲养小鼠。以前所有将老鼠关在一起的NASA任务都是雌性老鼠。但是，在我们的太空飞行研究中，研究了骨骼的愈合情况，需要雄性小鼠进行最佳实验。此外，与航天硬件相关的物流和我们的研究设计需要在实验期间改变密度和同类人群。这就需要开发一种新的方法来成功地共同饲养雄性小鼠，同时改变小鼠的密度和层次结构。对于本实验，将类似于先前建立的NASA航天研究的可变密度（Spaceflight Correlate）实验性住房示意图中的雄性小鼠进行了比较贯穿整个实验时间轴的标准地面外壳原理图（“正常密度控制”）。我们假设与“正常密度对照”相比，“航天相关”组中的小鼠在活动，攻击或压力方面没有显示出显着差异。使用新颖的活动评分系统（基于现有文献，经过内部验证）评估活动和侵略性，并通过体重，器官重量和兽医评估来评估压力。兽医评估证实，航天相关组和正常密度对照组之间在活动，攻击性，体重或器官重量方面没有发现显着差异。这项研究的完成使NASA得以清除了国际空间站上的骨愈合实验，并且我们的实验于2017年2月19日在SpaceX CRS-10上成功启动。

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