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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Resilient Leaf Physiological Response of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to Summer Drought and Drought Release
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Resilient Leaf Physiological Response of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to Summer Drought and Drought Release

机译：欧洲山毛榉（Fagus sylvatica L.）对夏季干旱和干旱释放的弹性叶片生理响应

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Drought is a major environmental constraint to trees, causing severe stress and thus adversely affecting their functional integrity. European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a key species in mesic forests that is commonly expected to suffer in a future climate with more intense and frequent droughts. Here, we assessed the seasonal response of leaf physiological characteristics of beech saplings to drought and drought release to investigate their potential to recover from the imposed stress and overcome previous limitations. Saplings were transplanted to model ecosystems and exposed to a simulated summer drought. Pre-dawn water potentials (ψpd), stomatal conductance (gS), intercellular CO2 concentration (ci), net-photosynthesis (AN), PSII chlorophyll fluorescence (PItot), non-structural carbohydrate concentrations (NSC; soluble sugars, starch) and carbon isotope signatures were measured in leaves throughout the growing season. Pre-dawn water potentials (ψpd), gS, ci, AN, and PItot decreased as drought progressed, and the concentration of soluble sugars increased at the expense of starch. Carbon isotopes in soluble sugars (δ13CS) showed a distinct increase under drought, suggesting, together with decreased ci, stomatal limitation of AN. Drought effects on ψpd, ci, and NSC disappeared shortly after re-watering, while full recovery of gS, AN, and PItot was delayed by 1 week. The fast recovery of NSC was reflected by a rapid decay of the drought signal in δ13C values, indicating a rapid turnover of assimilates and a reactivation of carbon metabolism. After recovery, the previously drought-exposed saplings showed a stimulation of AN and a trend toward elevated starch concentrations, which counteracted the previous drought limitations. Overall, our results suggest that the internal water relations of beech saplings and the physiological activity of leaves are restored rapidly after drought release. In the case of AN, stimulation after drought may partially compensate for limitations on photosynthetic activity during drought. Our observations suggest high resilience of beech to drought, contradicting the general belief that beech is particularly sensitive to environmental stressors.
机译：干旱是树木的主要环境制约因素，会造成严重的压力，从而不利地影响树木的功能完整性。欧洲山毛榉（Fagus sylvatica L.）是中生森林中的关键物种，通常预计在未来气候中，干旱和干旱将更为严重。在这里，我们评估了山毛榉树苗的叶片生理特性对干旱和干旱释放的季节响应，以研究其从施加的压力中恢复并克服以前的局限性的潜力。将树苗移植到模型生态系统中，并使其暴露于模拟的夏季干旱中。黎明前的水势（ψpd），气孔导度（gS），细胞间CO2浓度（ci），净光合作用（AN），PSII叶绿素荧光（PItot），非结构性碳水化合物浓度（NSC;可溶性糖，淀粉）和在整个生长季节中，对叶片中的碳同位素特征进行了测量。随着干旱的进行，黎明前的水势（ψpd），gS，ci，AN和PItot降低，可溶性糖的浓度增加，但以淀粉为代价。干旱时期可溶性糖（δ 13 CS）中的碳同位素显示出明显的增加，这表明AN的气孔限制与ci的降低同时降低。重新浇水后不久，干旱对ψpd，ci和NSC的影响消失，而g S ， A N 和 PI tot 延迟了1周。干旱信号在δ 13 C 值中的快速衰减反映了 NSC 的快速恢复，表明同化物和a重新激活碳代谢。恢复后，先前干旱暴露的树苗表现出对 A N 的刺激和淀粉浓度升高的趋势，从而抵消了先前的干旱局限性。总体而言，我们的结果表明，干旱释放后，山毛榉树苗的内部水分关系和叶片的生理活性得以快速恢复。在 A N 的情况下，干旱后的刺激可能部分补偿了干旱期间光合作用的限制。我们的观察表明，山毛榉对干旱具有很高的复原力，这与人们普遍认为山毛榉对环境压力特别敏感的普遍看法相矛盾。

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