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Environmental DNA (eDNA): A tool for quantifying the abundant but elusive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus)

机译：环境DNA（eDNA）：一种定量丰富而难以捉摸的圆虾虎鱼的工具（Neogobius melanostomus）

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摘要

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is revolutionizing biodiversity monitoring, occupancy estimates, and real-time detections of invasive species. In the Great Lakes, the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), an invasive benthic fish from the Black Sea, has spread to encompass all five lakes and many tributaries, outcompeting or consuming native species; however, estimates of round goby abundance are confounded by behavior and habitat preference, which impact reliable methods for estimating their population. By integrating eDNA into round goby monitoring, improved estimates of biomass may be obtainable. We conducted mesocosm experiments to estimate rates of goby DNA shedding and decay. Further, we compared eDNA with several methods of traditional field sampling to compare its use as an alternative/complementary monitoring method. Environmental DNA decay was comparable to other fish species, and first-order decay was lower at 12°C (k = 0.043) than at 19°C (k = 0.058). Round goby eDNA was routinely detected in known invaded sites of Lake Michigan and its tributaries (range log10 4.8–6.2 CN/L), but not upstream of an artificial fish barrier. Traditional techniques (mark-recapture, seining, trapping) in Lakes Michigan and Huron resulted in fewer, more variable detections than eDNA, but trapping and eDNA were correlated (Pearson R = 0.87). Additional field testing will help correlate round goby abundance with eDNA, providing insight on its role as a prey fish and its impact on food webs.
机译：环境DNA（eDNA）正在彻底改变生物多样性的监测，占有率估计和入侵物种的实时检测。在大湖中，虾虎鱼（Neogobius melanostomus）是一种来自黑海的入侵底栖鱼类，现已蔓延到所有五个湖泊和许多支流，胜过或消耗了本地物种。然而，对虾虎鱼丰度的估计却与行为和栖息地的偏好混淆了，这影响了估计其种群数量的可靠方法。通过将eDNA集成到轮渡虾虎鱼监测中，可以获得生物量的改进估计值。我们进行了介观实验来估计虾虎鱼DNA脱落和衰变的速率。此外，我们将eDNA与几种传统的现场采样方法进行了比较，以比较eDNA作为替代/补充监测方法的用途。环境DNA的衰减与其他鱼类相当，并且一阶衰减在12°C（k = 0.043）低于在19°C（k = 0.058）。通常在密歇根湖及其支流的已知入侵地点（距离log10 4.8–6.2 CN / L）检测到轮虾虎鱼eDNA，但不在人工鱼屏障的上游。与eDNA相比，密歇根湖和休伦湖的传统技术（标记重获，围网，诱捕）导致的检测数量更少，变化更多，但诱捕与eDNA相关（Pearson R = 0.87）。额外的现场测试将有助于将虾虎鱼的丰度与eDNA相关联，从而洞察其作为its鱼的作用及其对食物网的影响。

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