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Improved Drought Stress Response in Alfalfa Plants Nodulated by an IAA Over-producing Rhizobium Strain

机译：IAA过量生产的根瘤菌根瘤菌改善苜蓿植物的干旱胁迫响应

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The drought–stress response in plant involves the cross-talk between abscisic acid (ABA) and other phytohormones, such as jasmonates and ethylene. The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays an integral part in plant adaptation to drought stress. Investigation was made to see how the main auxin IAA interacted with other plant hormones under water stress, applied through two different growth conditions (solid and hydroponic). Medicago sativa plants nodulated by the Ensifer meliloti wild type 1021 (Ms-1021) and its IAA-overproducing RD64 derivative strains (Ms-RD64) were subjected to drought stress, comparing their response. When the expression of nifH gene and the activity of the nitrogenase enzyme were measured after stress treatments, Ms-RD64 plants recorded a significantly weaker damage. These results were correlated with a lower biomass reduction, and a higher Rubisco protein level measured for the Ms-RD64-stressed plants as compared to the Ms-1021-stressed ones. It has been verified that the stress response observed for Ms-RD64-stressed plants was related to the production of greater amount of low-molecular-weight osmolytes, such as proline and pinitol, measured in these plants. For the Ms-RD64 plants the immunoblotting analysis of thylakoid membrane proteins showed that some of the photosystem proteins increased after the stress. An increased non-photochemical quenching after the stress was also observed for these plants. The reduced wilting signs observed for these plants were also connected to the significant down-regulation of the MtAA03 gene involved in the ABA biosynthesis, and with the unchanged expression of the two genes (Mt-2g006330 and Mt-8g095330) of ABA signaling. When the expression level of the ethylene-signaling genes was evaluated by qPCR analysis no significant alteration of the key positive regulators was recorded for Ms-RD64-stressed plants. Coherently, these plants accumulated 40% less ethylene as compared to Ms-1021-stressed ones. The results presented herein indicate that the variations in endogenous IAA levels, triggered by the overproduction of rhizobial IAA inside root nodules, positively affected drought stress response in nodulated alfalfa plants.
机译：植物的干旱胁迫反应涉及脱落酸（ABA）与其他植物激素（如茉莉酸酯和乙烯）之间的串扰。生长素吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）在植物适应干旱胁迫中起着不可或缺的作用。进行了调查，以了解在两种胁迫条件下（固体和水培），主要的生长素IAA在水分胁迫下如何与其他植物激素相互作用。将由Ensifer meliloti野生型1021（Ms-1021）和其过量生产IAA的RD64衍生菌株（Ms-RD64）提名的紫花苜蓿植物遭受干旱胁迫，比较其响应。逆境处理后测定nifH基因的表达和固氮酶的活性时，Ms-RD64植株的伤害明显减弱。这些结果与Ms-RD64胁迫植物相比，Ms-RD64胁迫植物较低的生物量减少和较高的Rubisco蛋白水平相关。已经证实，在这些植物中观察到的对Ms-RD64胁迫的植物观察到的胁迫响应与产生大量的低分子量渗透物如脯氨酸和松醇有关。对于Ms-RD64植物，类囊体膜蛋白的免疫印迹分析表明，某些光系统蛋白在胁迫后增加。这些植物在胁迫后还观察到非光化学猝灭增加。这些植物观察到的萎ting迹象减少还与参与ABA生物合成的MtAA03基因的显着下调有关，并且与ABA信号传导的两个基因（Mt-2g006330和Mt-8g095330）的表达保持不变。当通过qPCR分析评估乙烯信号基因的表达水平时，对于受Ms-RD64胁迫的植物，没有记录到关键的正调节子发生明显变化。连贯地，这些植物比受Ms-1021胁迫的植物少了40％的乙烯。本文呈现的结果表明，根瘤内根瘤菌IAA的过量生产触发了内源性IAA水平的变化，对根瘤苜蓿植物的干旱胁迫响应产生了积极影响。

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