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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Oxygenation of Hypoxic Coastal Baltic Sea Sediments Impacts on Chemistry Microbial Community Composition and Metabolism
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Oxygenation of Hypoxic Coastal Baltic Sea Sediments Impacts on Chemistry Microbial Community Composition and Metabolism

机译：缺氧沿海波罗的海沉积物的氧化作用对化学微生物群落组成和代谢的影响

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The Baltic Sea has undergone severe eutrophication during the last century, resulting in increased algal blooms and the development of hypoxic bottom waters. In this study, we sampled oxygen deficient sediment cores from a Baltic Sea coastal bay and exposed the bottom water including the sediment surface to oxygen shifts via artificial addition of air during laboratory incubation. Surface sediment (top 1 cm) from the replicate cores were sliced in the field as well as throughout the laboratory incubations and chemical parameters were analyzed along with high throughput sequencing of community DNA and RNA. After oxygenation, dissolved iron decreased in the water overlying the sediment while inorganic sulfur compounds (thiosulfate and tetrathionate) increased when the water was kept anoxic. Oxygenation of the sediment also maintained RNA transcripts attributed to sulfide and sulfur oxidation as well as nitrogen fixation in the sediment surface. Based on 16S rRNA gene and metatranscriptomic analyses it was found that oxygenation of the sediment surface caused a bloom of the Epsilonproteobacteria genus Arcobacter. In addition, the formation of a thick white film was observed that was likely filamentous zero-valent sulfur produced by the Arcobacter spp. Based on these results, sulfur cycling and nitrogen fixation that were evident in the field samples were ongoing during re-oxygenation of the sediment. These processes potentially added organic nitrogen to the system and facilitated the re-establishment of micro- and macroorganism communities in the benthic zone.
机译：在上个世纪，波罗的海遭受了严重的富营养化，导致藻华增加和缺氧底水的发展。在这项研究中，我们从波罗的海沿岸海湾采样了缺氧的沉积物核心，并通过在实验室孵化过程中通过人工添加空气使包括沉积物表面在内的底水暴露于氧气中。在田间以及整个实验室温育过程中，将来自复制核的表面沉积物（顶部1厘米）切成薄片，并分析化学参数以及群落DNA和RNA的高通量测序。氧合后，当水保持缺氧状态时，沉积物上方的水中溶解的铁减少，而无机硫化合物（硫代硫酸盐和四硫代酸盐）增加。沉积物的氧化还保持了RNA转录本，这归因于硫化物和硫的氧化以及氮在沉积物表面的固定。根据16S rRNA基因和转录组分析，发现沉积物表面的氧合引起了埃普克隆蛋白变形杆菌属Arcobacter的开花。另外，观察到形成厚的白色膜，这很可能是由Arccobacter spp产生的丝状零价硫。根据这些结果，在沉积物的再充氧过程中，实地样品中明显存在着硫循环和固氮过程。这些过程潜在地向系统中添加了有机氮，并促进了底栖地带微生物和大型微生物群落的重建。

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