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Gaze Following is Related to the Broader Autism Phenotype in a Sex-Specific Way: Building the Case for Distinct Male and Female Autism Phenotypes

机译:注视跟随以特定于性别的方式与更广泛的自闭症表型有关:为不同的男性和女性自闭症表型建立案例

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摘要

The search for a female autism phenotype is difficult, given the low diagnostic rates in females. Here, we studied potential sex differences in a core feature of autism, difficulty with eye gaze processing, among typically developing individuals who vary in the broad autism phenotype, which includes autistic-like traits that are common, continuously distributed, and similarly heritable in males and females. Participants viewed complex images of an actor in a naturalistic scene looking at one of many possible objects and had to identify the target gazed-at object. Among males, those high in autistic-like traits exhibited worse eye gaze following performance than did those low in these traits. Among females, eye gaze following behavior did not vary with autistic-like traits. These results suggest that deficient eye gaze following behavior is part of the broader autism phenotype for males, but may not be a part of the female autism phenotype.
机译:鉴于女性的诊断率较低,寻找女性自闭症表型非常困难。在这里,我们研究了自闭症核心特征中潜在的性别差异,眼睛注视困难,典型的发展中个体,这些个体的广泛自闭症表型各不相同,其中包括常见,连续分布且在男性中可遗传的自闭症样特征和女性。参与者在自然主义场景中观看演员的复杂图像,看着许多可能的物体之一,并且不得不识别目标凝视的物体。在男性中,自闭型特征较高的男性在表现后的视线比那些低水平特征较差。在女性中,视线跟随行为并没有因自闭症般的特征而变化。这些结果表明,视线不足的行为是男性自闭症表型的一部分,但可能不是女性自闭症表型的一部分。

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