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Follow that fish: Uncovering the hidden blue economy in coral reef fisheries

机译：跟随那条鱼：在珊瑚礁渔业中发现隐藏的蓝色经济

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Despite their importance for human well-being, nearshore fisheries are often data poor, undervalued, and underappreciated in policy and development programs. We assess the value chain for nearshore Hawaiian coral reef fisheries, mapping post-catch distribution and disposition, and quantifying associated monetary, food security, and cultural values. We estimate that the total annual value of the nearshore fishery in Hawaiʻi is $10.3-$16.4 million, composed of non-commercial ($7.2-$12.9 million) and commercial ($2.97 million licensed + $148,500-$445,500 unlicensed) catch. Hawaii’s nearshore fisheries provide >7 million meals annually, with most (>5 million) from the non-commercial sector. Over a third (36%) of meals were planktivores, 26% piscivores, 21% primary consumers, and 18% secondary consumers. Only 62% of licensed commercial catch is accounted for in purchase reports, leaving 38% of landings unreported in sales. Value chains are complex, with major buyers for the commercial fishery including grocery stores (66%), retailers (19%), wholesalers (14%), and restaurants (<1%), who also trade and sell amongst themselves. The bulk of total nearshore catch (72–74%) follows a short value chain, with non-commercial fishers keeping catch for household consumption or community sharing. A small amount (~37,000kg) of reef fish—the equivalent of 1.8% of local catch—is imported annually into Hawaiʻi, 23,000kg of which arrives as passenger luggage on commercial flights from Micronesia. Evidence of exports to the US mainland exists, but is unquantifiable given existing data. Hawaiian nearshore fisheries support fundamental cultural values including subsistence, activity, traditional knowledge, and social cohesion. These small-scale coral reef fisheries provide large-scale benefits to the economy, food security, and cultural practices of Hawaiʻi, underscoring the need for sustainable management. This research highlights the value of information on the value chain for small-scale production systems, making the hidden economy of these fisheries visible and illuminating a range of conservation interventions applicable to Hawaiʻi and beyond.
机译：尽管近岸渔业对人类福祉具有重要意义，但在政策和发展计划中，其数据往往贫乏，价值被低估和被低估。我们评估了夏威夷近岸珊瑚礁渔业的价值链，绘制了捕捞后的分布和处置情况，并量化了相关的货币，粮食安全和文化价值。我们估计，夏威夷近岸渔业的年总价值为10.3- $ 16.4百万，包括非商业（$ 7.2- $ 1,290万）和商业（$ 2.77百万许可+ $ 148,500- $ 445,500无许可）渔获量。夏威夷的近岸渔业每年提供700万份饭，其中绝大部分（> 500万份）来自非商业部门。三分之一以上的食物（36％）是浮游动物，26％食肉动物，21％的主要消费者和18％的次要消费者。购买报告中仅占许可的商业捕获量的62％，而销售中未报告的着陆量为38％。价值链很复杂，商业渔业的主要买家包括杂货店（66％），零售商（19％），批发商（14％）和饭店（<1％），他们之间也进行贸易和出售。近岸总捕捞量的大部分（72-74％）遵循一个短价值链，非商业渔民将捕捞量用于家庭消费或社区共享。每年有少量（约37,000千克）礁石鱼（占当地产量的1.8％）进口到夏威夷，其中23,000千克作为客运行李从密克罗尼西亚运抵夏威夷。存在向美国大陆出口的证据，但根据现有数据无法量化。夏威夷近岸渔业支持基本的文化价值，包括生存，活动，传统知识和社会凝聚力。这些小规模的珊瑚礁渔业为夏威夷的经济，粮食安全和文化习俗提供了大规模的好处，强调了可持续管理的必要性。这项研究突出了小型生产系统价值链上信息的价值，使这些渔业的隐性经济可见并阐明了适用于夏威夷及其他地区的一系列保护措施。

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