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Divergence in Life History Traits between Two Populations of a Seed-Dimorphic Halophyte in Response to Soil Salinity

机译：种子二态性盐生植物两个种群对土壤盐分响应的生活史特征差异

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Production of heteromorphic seeds is common in halophytes growing in arid environments with strong spatial and temporal heterogeneity. However, evidence for geographic variation (reflecting local adaptation) is almost nonexistent. Our primary aims were to compare the life history traits of two desert populations of this halophytic summer annual Suaeda corniculata subsp. mongolica and to investigate the phenotypic response of its plant and heteromorphic seeds to different levels of salt stress. Dimorphic seeds (F1) of the halophyte S. corniculata collected from two distant populations (F0) that differ in soil salinity were grown in a common environment under different levels of salinity to minimize the carryover effects from the field environment and tested for variation in plant (F1) and seed (F2) traits. Compared to F1 plants grown in low soil salinity, those grown in high salinity (>0.2 mol⋅L-1) were smaller and produced fewer seeds but had a higher reproductive allocation and a higher non-dormant brown seed: dormant black seed ratio. High salinity during plant growth decreased germination percentage of F2 black seeds but had no effect on F2 brown seeds. Between population differences in life history traits in the common environment corresponded with those in the natural populations. Phenotypic differences between the two populations were retained in F1 plants and in F2 seeds in the common environment, which suggests that the traits are genetically based. Our results indicate that soil salinity plays an ecologically important role in population regeneration of S. corniculata by influencing heteromorphic seed production in the natural habitat.
机译：在具有强烈的时空异质性的干旱环境中生长的盐生植物中，异质种子的产生是常见的。但是，几乎没有地理变化的证据（反映了当地的适应性）。我们的主要目的是比较这个盐生的夏季一年生的Suaeda corniculata亚种的两个沙漠种群的生活史特征。并研究其植物和异型种子对不同水平盐胁迫的表型反应。从两个不同土壤盐分的远距离种群（F0）收集的盐生葡萄球菌的双态种子（F1）在共同的环境中以不同的盐度生长，以最大程度地减少田间环境的残留影响并测试植物的变异性（F1）和种子（F2）性状。与低盐度的F1植物相比，高盐度（> 0.2mol·L -1 ）的植物更小，种子更少，但繁殖分配更高，非休眠褐色更高种子：休眠的黑色种子比例。植物生长过程中的高盐度降低了F2黑种子的发芽率，但对F2棕色种子没有影响。在共同环境中，生活史特征的种群差异与自然种群的差异相对应。在共同环境中，F1植物和F2种子中保留了两个种群之间的表型差异，这表明这些性状是基于遗传的。我们的结果表明，土壤盐分通过影响自然栖息地中的异形种子生产，在盐生链霉菌的种群再生中起着生态学的重要作用。

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