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Cereal Crop Proteomics: Systemic Analysis of Crop Drought Stress Responses Towards Marker-Assisted Selection Breeding

机译：谷类作物蛋白质组学：作物干旱胁迫对标记辅助选择育种的系统分析

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Sustainable crop production is the major challenge in the current global climate change scenario. Drought stress is one of the most critical abiotic factors which negatively impact crop productivity. In recent years, knowledge about molecular regulation has been generated to understand drought stress responses. For example, information obtained by transcriptome analysis has enhanced our knowledge and facilitated the identification of candidate genes which can be utilized for plant breeding. On the other hand, it becomes more and more evident that the translational and post-translational machinery plays a major role in stress adaptation, especially for immediate molecular processes during stress adaptation. Therefore, it is essential to measure protein levels and post-translational protein modifications to reveal information about stress inducible signal perception and transduction, translational activity and induced protein levels. This information cannot be revealed by genomic or transcriptomic analysis. Eventually, these processes will provide more direct insight into stress perception then genetic markers and might build a complementary basis for future marker-assisted selection of drought resistance. In this review, we survey the role of proteomic studies to illustrate their applications in crop stress adaptation analysis with respect to productivity. Cereal crops such as wheat, rice, maize, barley, sorghum and pearl millet are discussed in detail. We provide a comprehensive and comparative overview of all detected protein changes involved in drought stress in these crops and have summarized existing knowledge into a proposed scheme of drought response. Based on a recent proteome study of pearl millet under drought stress we compare our findings with wheat proteomes and another recent study which defined genetic marker in pearl millet.
机译：在当前全球气候变化形势下，可持续的作物生产是主要挑战。干旱胁迫是对作物生产力产生负面影响的最关键的非生物因素之一。近年来，已经积累了有关分子调控的知识，以了解干旱胁迫的响应。例如，通过转录组分析获得的信息增强了我们的知识，并有助于鉴定可用于植物育种的候选基因。另一方面，越来越明显的是，翻译和翻译后机制在应激适应中起主要作用，尤其是对于应激适应中的直接分子过程。因此，必须测量蛋白质水平和翻译后蛋白质修饰，以揭示有关应激诱导信号的感知和转导，翻译活性和诱导蛋白质水平的信息。该信息不能通过基因组或转录组分析来揭示。最终，这些过程将比遗传标志物更直接地了解胁迫感知，并可能为将来的标志物辅助选择的抗旱性奠定补充基础。在这篇综述中，我们调查了蛋白质组学研究的作用，以说明它们在与生产力相关的作物胁迫适应性分析中的应用。详细讨论了谷物作物，例如小麦，水稻，玉米，大麦，高粱和珍珠粟。我们提供了与这些作物干旱胁迫有关的所有检测到的蛋白质变化的全面比较的概述，并将现有知识总结为拟议的干旱应对方案。基于最近干旱胁迫下珍珠小米的蛋白质组学研究，我们将我们的发现与小麦蛋白质组进行了比较，另一项最新研究定义了珍珠小米的遗传标记。

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