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Potential for Sulfate Reduction in Mangrove Forest Soils: Comparison between Two Dominant Species of the Americas

机译：红树林森林土壤中硫酸盐还原的潜力：美洲两个主要物种的比较

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Avicennia and Rhizophora are globally occurring mangrove genera with different traits that place them in different parts of the intertidal zone. It is generally accepted that the oxidizing capacity of Avicennia roots is larger than that of Rhizophora roots, which initiates more reduced conditions in the soil below the latter genus. We hypothesize that the more reduced conditions beneath Rhizophora stands lead to more active sulfate-reducing microbial communities compared to Avicennia stands. To test this hypothesis, we measured sulfate reduction traits in soil samples collected from neighboring Avicennia germinans and Rhizophora mangle stands at three different locations in southern Florida. The traits measured were sulfate reduction rates (SRR) in flow-through reactors containing undisturbed soil layers in the absence and presence of easily degradable carbon compounds, copy numbers of the dsrB gene, which is specific for sulfate-reducing microorganisms, and numbers of sulfate-reducing cells that are able to grow in liquid medium on a mixture of acetate, propionate and lactate as electron donors. At the tidal locations Port of the Islands and South Hutchinson Islands, steady state SRR, dsrB gene copy numbers and numbers of culturable cells were higher at the A. germinans than at the R. mangle stands, although not significantly for the numbers at Port of the Islands. At the non-tidal location North Hutchinson Island, results are mixed with respect to these sulfate reduction traits. At all locations, the fraction of culturable cells were significantly higher at the R. mangle than at the A. germinans stands. The dynamics of the initial SRR implied a more in situ active sulfate-reducing community at the intertidal R. mangle stands. It was concluded that in agreement with our hypothesis R. mangle stands accommodate a more active sulfate-reducing community than A. germinans stands, but only at the tidal locations. The differences between R. mangle and A. germinans stands were absent at the non-tidal, impounded location.
机译：Avicennia和Rhizophora是全球性的红树林属，具有不同的特征，它们被置于潮间带的不同部分。人们普遍认为，Avicennia根的氧化能力要大于Rhizophora根的氧化能力，后者在后属下的土壤中引发了更多的还原条件。我们假设与Avicennia林分相比，Rhizophora林分下条件的减少会导致硫酸盐还原菌的活性降低。为了验证这一假设，我们测量了从邻近的南朝鲜白僵菌和佛罗里达州南部的三个根茎林分中收集的土壤样品中的硫酸盐还原特性。所测量的特征是：在不存在和存在易降解碳化合物的情况下，在含有不受干扰的土壤层的流通式反应器中，硫酸盐还原率（SRR），dsrB基因的拷贝数（对硫酸盐还原微生物而言是特异性的）和硫酸盐的数目还原细胞，能够在液体培养基中以醋酸盐，丙酸盐和乳酸盐的混合物作为电子供体生长。在潮汐岛群岛和南哈钦森群岛的潮汐地区，稳定的SRR，dsrB基因拷贝数和可培养细胞的数量在A.germinans高于R. mangle立场，尽管在Port of Portland并不明显。群岛。在北哈钦森岛的非潮汐地点，关于这些硫酸盐还原性状的结果参差不齐。在所有位置，R。mangle的可培养细胞比例均显着高于A.germinans站。初始SRR的动力学表明潮间带R. mangle林分有更原位的活性硫酸盐还原群落。结论是，与我们的假设 R一致。 mangle 摊位比 A摊位更具活力。细菌站立，但仅在潮汐位置。 R之间的区别。 mangle 和 A。在非潮汐，蓄水的地方没有苗条。

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