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Software Reliability Analysis of NASA Space Flight Software: A Practical Experience

机译：NASA太空飞行软件的软件可靠性分析：实践经验

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In this paper, we present the software reliability analysis of the flight software of a recently launched space mission. For our analysis, we use the defect reports collected during the flight software development. We find that this software was developed in multiple releases, each release spanning across all software life-cycle phases. We also find that the software releases were developed and tested for four different hardware platforms, spanning from off-the-shelf or emulation hardware to actual flight hardware. For releases that exhibit reliability growth or decay, we fit Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGM); otherwise we fit a distribution function. We find that most releases exhibit reliability growth, with Log-Logistic (NHPP) and S-Shaped (NHPP) as the best-fit SRGMs. For the releases that experience reliability decay, we investigate the causes for the same. We find that such releases were the first software releases to be tested on a new hardware platform, and hence they encountered major hardware integration issues. Also such releases seem to have been developed under time pressure in order to start testing on the new hardware platform sooner. Such releases exhibit poor reliability growth, and hence exhibit high predicted failure rate. Other problems include hardware specification changes and delivery delays from vendors. Thus, our analysis provides critical insights and inputs to the management to improve the software development process. As NASA has moved towards a product line engineering for its flight software development, software for future space missions will be developed in a similar manner and hence the analysis results for this mission can be considered as a baseline for future flight software missions.
机译：在本文中，我们介绍了最近发射的太空任务的飞行软件的软件可靠性分析。为了进行分析，我们使用在飞行软件开发过程中收集的缺陷报告。我们发现该软件是在多个发行版中开发的，每个发行版涵盖了所有软件生命周期阶段。我们还发现，该软件版本是针对四种不同的硬件平台开发和测试的，涵盖了从现成的或仿真的硬件到实际的飞行硬件。对于表现出可靠性增长或衰退的发行版，我们采用软件可靠性增长模型（SRGM）；否则，我们将拟合分布函数。我们发现大多数版本都显示出可靠性的增长，其中Log-Logistic（NHPP）和S-Shaped（NHPP）是最合适的SRGM。对于经历可靠性下降的发行版，我们调查了造成这种情况的原因。我们发现此类发行版是在新硬件平台上测试的首个软件发行版，因此它们遇到了主要的硬件集成问题。同样，为了在新的硬件平台上开始测试，这种发行版似乎是在时间压力下开发的。此类发行版显示出较差的可靠性增长，因此显示出较高的预期故障率。其他问题包括硬件规格更改和供应商的交货延迟。因此，我们的分析为管理人员提供了重要的见解和建议，以改善软件开发过程。随着NASA致力于其飞行软件开发的产品线工程的发展，将以类似的方式开发未来太空任务的软件，因此，该任务的分析结果可被视为未来飞行软件任务的基准。

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