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White matter properties differ in 6-year old Readers and Pre-Readers

机译：6岁阅读者和预阅读者的白质特性有所不同

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摘要

Reading, an essential life skill in modern society, is typically learned during childhood. Adults who can read show white matter differences compared to adults who never learned to read. Studies have not established whether children who can read show similar white matter differences compared to children who cannot read. We compared 6-year old children who could decode written English words and pseudowords (n=31; Readers) and 6-year old children who could not decode pseudowords and had a standard score < 100 on a task for reading single words (n=11; Pre-Readers). We employed diffusion MRI and tractography to extract fractional anisotropy (FA) along the trajectory of 6 bilateral intra-hemispheric tracts and 2 posterior subdivisions of the corpus callosum. Readers demonstrated significantly increased FA within the left anterior segment of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (aSLF-L) and the right uncinate fasciculus (UF-R) compared to Pre-Readers. FA in the aSLF-L was significantly correlated with phonological awareness; FA in the UF-R was significantly correlated with language. Correlations in the UF-R but not the aSLF-L remained significant after controlling for reading ability, revealing that UF-R group differences were related to both children's language and reading abilities. Taken together, these findings demonstrate new evidence showing that individual differences in white matter structure relate to whether children have begun to read.
机译：阅读是现代社会必不可少的生活技能，通常在童年时期学习。与从未学习阅读的成年人相比，能够阅读的成年人显示出白质差异。研究尚未确定与不会阅读的儿童相比，能够阅读的儿童是否显示出相似的白质差异。我们比较了6岁的可以解码英文单词和伪单词的孩子（n = 31；读者）和6岁的孩子不能解码伪单词并且在阅读单个单词时的标准得分小于100（n = 11;预阅读器）。我们采用弥散核磁共振成像和体层摄影术来提取沿6个双侧半球内束和and体后部2个细分的轨迹的分数各向异性（FA）。与预阅读器相比，阅读器显示出上纵筋膜左前段（aSLF-L）和右韧带（UF-R）内的FA显着增加。 aSLF-L中的FA与语音意识密切相关。 UF-R中的FA与语言密切相关。在控制阅读能力后，UF-R的相关性仍显着，而aSLF-L则不显着，这表明UF-R组的差异与儿童的语言和阅读能力有关。综上所述，这些发现证明了新的证据表明白质结构的个体差异与儿童是否开始阅读有关。

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