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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Three-dimensional geometrical changes of the human tibialis anterior muscle and its central aponeurosis measured with three-dimensional ultrasound during isometric contractions
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Three-dimensional geometrical changes of the human tibialis anterior muscle and its central aponeurosis measured with three-dimensional ultrasound during isometric contractions

机译：等距收缩过程中三维超声测量人胫骨前肌及其中央腱膜的三维几何变化

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>Background. Muscles not only shorten during contraction to perform mechanical work, but they also bulge radially because of the isovolumetric constraint on muscle fibres. Muscle bulging may have important implications for muscle performance, however quantifying three-dimensional (3D) muscle shape changes in human muscle is problematic because of difficulties with sustaining contractions for the duration of an in vivo scan. Although two-dimensional ultrasound imaging is useful for measuring local muscle deformations, assumptions must be made about global muscle shape changes, which could lead to errors in fully understanding the mechanical behaviour of muscle and its surrounding connective tissues, such as aponeurosis. Therefore, the aims of this investigation were (a) to determine the intra-session reliability of a novel 3D ultrasound (3DUS) imaging method for measuring in vivo human muscle and aponeurosis deformations and (b) to examine how contraction intensity influences in vivo human muscle and aponeurosis strains during isometric contractions.>Methods. Participants (n = 12) were seated in a reclined position with their left knee extended and ankle at 90° and performed isometric dorsiflexion contractions up to 50% of maximal voluntary contraction. 3DUS scans of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle belly were performed during the contractions and at rest to assess muscle volume, muscle length, muscle cross-sectional area, muscle thickness and width, fascicle length and pennation angle, and central aponeurosis width and length. The 3DUS scan involved synchronous B-mode ultrasound imaging and 3D motion capture of the position and orientation of the ultrasound transducer, while successive cross-sectional slices were captured by sweeping the transducer along the muscle.>Results. 3DUS was shown to be highly reliable across measures of muscle volume, muscle length, fascicle length and central aponeurosis length (ICC ≥ 0.98, CV < 1%). The TA remained isovolumetric across contraction conditions and progressively shortened along its line of action as contraction intensity increased. This caused the muscle to bulge centrally, predominantly in thickness, while muscle fascicles shortened and pennation angle increased as a function of contraction intensity. This resulted in central aponeurosis strains in both the transverse and longitudinal directions increasing with contraction intensity.>Discussion. 3DUS is a reliable and viable method for quantifying multidirectional muscle and aponeurosis strains during isometric contractions within the same session. Contracting muscle fibres do work in directions along and orthogonal to the muscle’s line of action and central aponeurosis length and width appear to be a function of muscle fascicle shortening and transverse expansion of the muscle fibres, which is dependent on contraction intensity. How factors other than muscle force change the elastic mechanical behaviour of the aponeurosis requires further investigation.
机译：>背景。肌肉不仅在收缩过程中收缩以执行机械功，而且由于等体积限制对肌肉纤维的作用，它们还会径向凸起。肌肉膨出可能对肌肉性能有重要影响，但是由于在体内扫描过程中难以维持收缩，因此量化人体肌肉的三维（3D）肌肉形状变化是有问题的。尽管二维超声成像可用于测量局部肌肉变形，但必须对整体肌肉形状变化做出假设，这可能导致在完全理解肌肉及其周围结缔组织（如腱膜）的机械行为方面出现错误。因此，这项研究的目的是（a）确定用于测量体内人体肌肉和腱膜变形的新型3D超声（3DUS）成像方法的术中可靠性，以及（b）检查收缩强度如何影响体内人体等距收缩期间的肌肉和腱膜张力。>方法。参与者（n = 12）坐在斜躺位置，左膝伸展，踝关节成90°角，等距背屈收缩最大为最大收缩的50％自愿收缩。在收缩和静止时对胫骨前肌（TA）进行3DUS扫描，以评估肌肉体积，肌肉长度，肌肉横截面积，肌肉厚度和宽度，束长度和垂体角度以及中央腱膜宽度和长度。 3DUS扫描包括同步B型超声成像和3D运动捕获超声换能器的位置和方向，而连续的横截面切片是通过沿肌肉扫掠换能器来捕获的。>结果。。3DUS在肌肉量，肌肉长度，束长度和中央腱膜长度的测量中显示出高度可靠（ICC≥0.98，CV <1％）。在收缩条件下，TA保持等容，并随着收缩强度的增加沿其作用线逐渐缩短。这导致肌肉向中央膨出，主要是厚度增加，而肌肉束缩短，而垂垂角度则随着收缩强度的增加而增加。这导致中央腱膜应变在横向和纵向都随着收缩强度的增加而增加。>讨论。3DUS是一种可靠且可行的方法，用于量化同一时间段内等距收缩期间的多方向肌肉和腱膜应变。收缩肌纤维确实在沿着和垂直于肌肉作用线的方向上起作用，而中央腱膜的长度和宽度似乎是肌肉束缩短和肌纤维横向扩张的函数，这取决于收缩强度。除肌肉力量外，其他因素如何改变腱膜的弹性力学行为，还需要进一步研究。

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