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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases >Breeding Sites of Phlebotomus sergenti the Sand Fly Vector of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Judean Desert
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Breeding Sites of Phlebotomus sergenti the Sand Fly Vector of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Judean Desert

机译：裘德沙漠中皮肤利什曼原虫病沙蝇媒介的埃及香Ph的繁殖地点

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Phlebotomine sand flies transmit Leishmania, phlebo-viruses and Bartonella to humans. A prominent gap in our knowledge of sand fly biology remains the ecology of their immature stages. Sand flies, unlike mosquitoes do not breed in water and only small numbers of larvae have been recovered from diverse habitats that provide stable temperatures, high humidity and decaying organic matter. We describe studies designed to identify and characterize sand fly breeding habitats in a Judean Desert focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis. To detect breeding habitats we constructed emergence traps comprising sand fly-proof netting covering defined areas or cave openings. Large size horizontal sticky traps within the confined spaces were used to trap the sand flies. Newly eclosed male sand flies were identified based on their un-rotated genitalia. Cumulative results show that Phlebotomus sergenti the vector of Leishmania tropica rests and breeds inside caves that are also home to rock hyraxes (the reservoir hosts of L. tropica) and several rodent species. Emerging sand flies were also trapped outside covered caves, probably arriving from other caves or from smaller, concealed cracks in the rocky ledges close by. Man-made support walls constructed with large boulders were also identified as breeding habitats for Ph. sergenti albeit less important than caves. Soil samples obtained from caves and burrows were rich in organic matter and salt content. In this study we developed and put into practice a generalized experimental scheme for identifying sand fly breeding habitats and for assessing the quantities of flies that emerge from them. An improved understanding of sand fly larval ecology should facilitate the implementation of effective control strategies of sand fly vectors of Leishmania.
机译：毒杆菌毒素的f蝇将利什曼原虫，毒杆菌病毒和巴尔通体传播给人类。我们对沙蝇生物学的认识中的一个突出空白仍然是其未成熟阶段的生态学。与蚊子不同，沙蝇不会在水中繁殖，并且仅从提供稳定温度，高湿度和腐烂有机物的不同栖息地中回收了少量幼虫。我们描述旨在识别和表征在皮肤利什曼病的朱迪亚沙漠中的沙蝇繁殖栖息地的研究。为了检测繁殖栖息地，我们构建了包含陷阱的防飞网，这些防飞网覆盖了确定的区域或洞穴开口。在密闭空间内使用大型水平粘性诱捕器来诱捕沙蝇。根据未旋转的生殖器鉴定出新近封闭的雄性沙蝇。累积结果表明，热带Leishmania tropica的传染媒介Serboticus sergenti在洞穴中休息和繁殖，这些洞穴也是岩石蹄兔（tropic L.的水库宿主）和几种啮齿类动物的家。新兴的沙蝇也被困在有盖的洞穴外，可能来自其他洞穴或附近岩石壁架中较小的隐藏裂缝。尽管比洞穴重要，但用大石块建造的人造支撑墙也被认为是ser的育种栖息地。从洞穴和洞穴获得的土壤样品富含有机物和盐分。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个通用的实验方案并将其付诸实践，以识别沙蝇繁殖的栖息地，并评估从其栖息的苍蝇的数量。对沙蝇幼虫生态学的进一步了解应有助于实施利什曼原虫沙蝇媒介的有效控制策略。

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