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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Food Science and Technology >Utilization of byproducts and waste materials from meat poultry and fish processing industries: a review
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Utilization of byproducts and waste materials from meat poultry and fish processing industries: a review

机译：肉禽鱼加工业副产品和废料的利用：综述

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India is bestowed with vast livestock wealth and it is growing at the rate of 6% per annum. The contribution of livestock industry including poultry and fish is increasing substantially in GDP of country which accounts for >40% of total agricultural sector and >12% of GDP. This contribution would have been much greater had the animal by-products been also efficiently utilized. Efficient utilization of by-products has direct impact on the economy and environmental pollution of the country. Non-utilization or under utilization of by-products not only lead to loss of potential revenues but also lead to the added and increasing cost of disposal of these products. Non-utilization of animal by-products in a proper way may create major aesthetic and catastrophic health problems. Besides pollution and hazard aspects, in many cases meat, poultry and fish processing wastes have a potential for recycling raw materials or for conversion into useful products of higher value. Traditions, culture and religion are often important when a meat by-product is being utilized for food. Regulatory requirements are also important because many countries restrict the use of meat by-products for reasons of food safety and quality. By-products such as blood, liver, lung, kidney, brains, spleen and tripe has good nutritive value. Medicinal and pharmaceutical uses of by-product are also highlighted in this review. Waste products from the poultry processing and egg production industries must be efficiently dealt with as the growth of these industries depends largely on waste management. Treated fish waste has found many applications among with which the most important are animal feed, biodiesel/biogas, dietectic products (chitosan), natural pigments (after extraction) and cosmetics (collagen). Available information pertaining to the utilization of by-products and waste materials from meat, poultry and fish and their processing industries has been reviewed here.
机译：印度拥有丰富的牲畜财富，并且正以每年6％的速度增长。畜禽业（包括禽畜和鱼类）的贡献在该国的国内生产总值中大幅增加，占农业总部门的40％以上，占国内生产总值的12％以上。如果动物副产物也得到有效利用，这一贡献将更大。副产品的有效利用直接影响到该国的经济和环境污染。副产品的未利用或利用不足不仅导致潜在收入的损失，而且还导致处置这些产品的成本增加和增加。不以适当方式利用动物副产品可能会造成严重的美学和灾难性健康问题。除了污染和危害方面，在许多情况下，肉类，禽类和鱼类加工废料还具有回收原材料或转化为高价值有用产品的潜力。当将肉类副产品用作食品时，传统，文化和宗教往往很重要。监管要求也很重要，因为许多国家出于食品安全和质量的原因限制使用肉类副产品。血液，肝，肺，肾，脑，脾和肚等副产品具有良好的营养价值。本评价还重点介绍了副产品的药用和药物用途。家禽加工和鸡蛋生产行业的废品必须得到有效处理，因为这些行业的增长在很大程度上取决于废物管理。经过处理的鱼废料有许多用途，其中最重要的是动物饲料，生物柴油/沼气，营养产品（壳聚糖），天然色素（提取后）和化妆品（胶原蛋白）。这里对与利用肉类，家禽和鱼类及其加工行业的副产品和废料有关的可用信息进行了综述。

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