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Recontextualizing Dance Skills: Overcoming Impediments to Motor Learning and Expressivity in Ballet Dancers

机译：重新赋予舞蹈技能以上下文：克服芭蕾舞演员对运动学习和表现力的障碍

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摘要

The process of transmitting ballet’s complex technique to young dancers can interfere with the innate processes that give rise to efficient, expressive and harmonious movement. With the intention of identifying possible solutions, this article draws on research across the fields of neurology, psychology, motor learning, and education, and considers their relevance to ballet as an art form, a technique, and a training methodology. The integration of dancers’ technique and expressivity is a core theme throughout the paper. A brief outline of the historical development of ballet’s aesthetics and training methods leads into factors that influence dancers’ performance. An exploration of the role of the neuromotor system in motor learning and the acquisition of expert skills reveals the roles of sensory awareness, imagery, and intention in cuing efficient, expressive movement. It also indicates potentially detrimental effects of conscious muscle control, explicit learning and persistent naïve beliefs. Finally, the paper presents a new theory regarding the acquisition of ballet skills. Recontextualization theory proposes that placing a problematic task within a new context may engender a new conceptual approach and/or sensory intention, and hence the genesis of new motor programs; and that these new programs may lead to performance that is more efficient, more rewarding for the dancer, more pleasing aesthetically, and more expressive. From an anecdotal point of view, this theory appears to be supported by the progress of many dancers at various stages of their dancing lives.
机译：向年轻舞者传递芭蕾舞复杂技术的过程可能会干扰与生俱来的过程，从而产生高效，富有表现力和和谐的动作。为了确定可能的解决方案，本文借鉴了神经学，心理学，运动学习和教育领域的研究成果，并将其与芭蕾舞的艺术形式，技术和训练方法相关联。舞者技巧与表现力的融合是整篇论文的核心主题。简要介绍芭蕾舞蹈美学和训练方法的历史发展，成为影响舞蹈演员表演的因素。对神经运动系统在运动学习中的作用和获得专业技能的探索揭示了感觉意识，图像和意图在暗示有效的表达运动中的作用。这也表明了意识肌肉控制，明确学习和持久幼稚信念的潜在有害影响。最后，本文提出了一种有关获取芭蕾舞技能的新理论。重新情境化理论提出，将有问题的任务放在新的情境中可能会产生新的概念方法和/或感官意图，从而产生新的运动程序。并且这些新程序可能会带来更高效，对舞者更有意义，更令人赏心悦目且更具表现力的表演。从轶事的角度来看，许多舞者在其舞蹈生活各个阶段的进步似乎都支持了这一理论。

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