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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Cellulose-Enriched Microbial Communities from Leaf-Cutter Ant (Atta colombica) Refuse Dumps Vary in Taxonomic Composition and Degradation Ability
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Cellulose-Enriched Microbial Communities from Leaf-Cutter Ant (Atta colombica) Refuse Dumps Vary in Taxonomic Composition and Degradation Ability

机译：切叶蚁（Atta colombica）垃圾堆中富含纤维素的微生物群落的分类组成和降解能力各不相同

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Deconstruction of the cellulose in plant cell walls is critical for carbon flow through ecosystems and for the production of sustainable cellulosic biofuels. Our understanding of cellulose deconstruction is largely limited to the study of microbes in isolation, but in nature, this process is driven by microbes within complex communities. In Neotropical forests, microbes in leaf-cutter ant refuse dumps are important for carbon turnover. These dumps consist of decaying plant material and a diverse bacterial community, as shown here by electron microscopy. To study the portion of the community capable of cellulose degradation, we performed enrichments on cellulose using material from five Atta colombica refuse dumps. The ability of enriched communities to degrade cellulose varied significantly across refuse dumps. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of enriched samples identified that the community structure correlated with refuse dump and with degradation ability. Overall, samples were dominated by Bacteroidetes, Gammaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria. Half of abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) across samples were classified within genera containing known cellulose degraders, including Acidovorax, the most abundant OTU detected across samples, which was positively correlated with cellulolytic ability. A representative Acidovorax strain was isolated, but did not grow on cellulose alone. Phenotypic and compositional analyses of enrichment cultures, such as those presented here, help link community composition with cellulolytic ability and provide insight into the complexity of community-based cellulose degradation.
机译：解构植物细胞壁中的纤维素对于通过生态系统的碳流量以及生产可持续的纤维素生物燃料至关重要。我们对纤维素解构的了解在很大程度上仅限于隔离微生物的研究，但从本质上讲，此过程是由复杂群落中的微生物驱动的。在新热带森林中，切叶蚁垃圾场中的微生物对于碳转换非常重要。如电子显微镜所示，这些垃圾场由腐烂的植物材料和多样化的细菌群落组成。为了研究能够降解纤维素的社区部分，我们使用来自五个Atta colombica垃圾场的材料对纤维素进行了富集。丰富的社区降解纤维素的能力在垃圾场之间差异很大。富集样品的16S rRNA基因扩增子测序表明，群落结构与垃圾场和降解能力相关。总体而言，样品以拟杆菌，γ-变形杆菌和β-变形杆菌为主。样品中一半的丰富操作分类单位（OTU）被归类为包含已知纤维素降解剂的属，其中包括Acidovorax，这是样品中检测到的最丰富的OTU，与纤维素分解能力呈正相关。分离出代表性的Acidovorax菌株，但其不能仅在纤维素上生长。富集文化的表型和成分分析（如此处介绍的内容）有助于将社区组成与纤维素分解能力联系起来，并有助于深入了解基于社区的纤维素降解的复杂性。

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