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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Foliar Essential Oil Glands of Eucalyptus Subgenus Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) Are a Rich Source of Flavonoids and Related Non-Volatile Constituents
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Foliar Essential Oil Glands of Eucalyptus Subgenus Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) Are a Rich Source of Flavonoids and Related Non-Volatile Constituents

机译：桉树亚科（桃金娘科）的叶面精油腺是类黄酮和相关的非挥发性成分的丰富来源

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The sub-dermal secretory cavities (glands) embedded within the leaves of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) were once thought to be the exclusive repositories of monoterpene and sesquiterpene oils. Recent research has debunked this theory and shown that abundant non-volatile compounds also occur within foliar glands. In particular, glands of four species in subgenus Eucalyptus contain the biologically active flavanone pinocembrin. Pinocembrin shows great promise as a pharmaceutical and is predominantly plant-sourced, so Eucalyptus could be a potential commercial source of such compounds. To explore this we quantified and assessed the purity of pinocembrin in glands of 11 species of E. subg. Eucalyptus using Electro-Spray Ionisation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry of acetonitrile extracts and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analyses of hexane extracts of isolated glands which were free from other leaf tissues. Our results showed that the glands of subgenus Eucalyptus contain numerous flavanones that are structurally related to pinocembrin and often present in much greater abundance. The maximum concentration of pinocembrin was 2 mg g-1 dry leaf found in E. stellulata, whereas that of dimethylpinocembrin (5,7-dimethoxyflavanone) was 10 mg g-1 in E. oreades and that of pinostrobin (5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone) was 12 mg g-1 in E. nitida. We also found that the flavanones are exclusively located within the foliar glands rather than distributed throughout leaf tissues. The flavanones differ from the non-methylated pinocembrin in the degree and positions of methylation. This finding is particularly important given the attractiveness of methylated flavonoids as pharmaceuticals and therapeutics. Another important finding was that glands of some members of the subgenus also contain flavanone O-glucosides and flavanone-β-triketone conjugates. In addition, glands contain free β-triketones, β-triketone heterodimers and chromone C-glucosides. Therefore, the foliar glands of this taxonomically distinct group of plants are a rich source of a range of flavonoids and other biologically active compounds with great commercial potential.
机译：曾经被认为是埋藏在桉树（桃金娘科）叶片中的皮下分泌腔（腺体）是单萜和倍半萜油的唯一储存库。最近的研究揭穿了这一理论，并表明在叶腺中也存在大量的非挥发性化合物。特别地，桉树亚属的四个物种的腺体含有生物活性的黄烷酮pinocembrin。 Pinocembrinin作为药物显示出巨大的希望，并且主要是植物来源的，因此桉树可能是此类化合物的潜在商业来源。为了探索这一点，我们定量和评估了11种大肠埃希菌的腺体中松球蛋白的纯度。使用乙腈提取物的电喷雾电离液相色谱质谱法和不含其他叶组织的分离腺体己烷提取物的气相色谱质谱法分析桉树。我们的结果表明，桉树亚属的腺体中含有大量黄酮类，与黄皮素结构相关，并且通常含量更高。 s。stellulata中发现松球蛋白的最大浓度为2 mg g -1 干叶，而二甲基松球蛋白（5,7-二甲氧基黄酮）的最大浓度为10 mg g -1 在大肠埃希氏菌中，皮诺司他滨（5-羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮）的含量为12 mg g -1 。我们还发现黄烷酮仅位于叶腺内，而不分布在整个叶片组织中。黄烷酮在甲基化的程度和位置上与非甲基化的松球蛋白不同。考虑到甲基化类黄酮作为药物和治疗剂的吸引力，这一发现特别重要。另一个重要发现是该亚属某些成员的腺体中也含有黄烷酮O-葡萄糖苷和黄烷酮-β-三酮共轭物。另外，腺体含有游离的β-三酮，β-三酮异二聚体和色酮C-葡萄糖苷。因此，这种分类学上不同的植物的叶腺是一系列黄酮类化合物和其他具有很大商业潜力的生物活性化合物的丰富来源。

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