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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >How Might People Near National Roads Be Affected by Traffic Noise as Electric Vehicles Increase in Number? A Laboratory Study of Subjective Evaluations of Environmental Noise
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How Might People Near National Roads Be Affected by Traffic Noise as Electric Vehicles Increase in Number? A Laboratory Study of Subjective Evaluations of Environmental Noise

机译：随着电动汽车数量的增加国道附近的人们可能会受到交通噪声的影响吗？环境噪声主观评价的室内研究

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We face a likely shift to electric vehicles (EVs) but the environmental and human consequences of this are not yet well understood. Simulated auditory traffic scenes were synthesized from recordings of real conventional and EVs. These sounded similar to what might be heard by a person near a major national road. Versions of the simulation had 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% EVs. Participants heard the auditory scenes in random order, rating each on five perceptual dimensions such as pleasant–unpleasant and relaxing–stressful. Ratings of traffic noise were, overall, towards the negative end of these scales, but improved significantly when there were high proportions of EVs in the traffic mix, particularly when there were 80% or 100% EVs. This suggests a shift towards a high proportion of EVs is likely to improve the subjective experiences of people exposed to traffic noise from major roads. The effects were not a simple result of EVs being quieter: ratings of bandpass-filtered versions of the recordings suggested that people’s perceptions of traffic noise were specifically influenced by energy in the 500–2000 Hz band. Engineering countermeasures to reduce noise in this band might be effective for improving the subjective experience of people living or working near major roads, even for conventional vehicles; energy in the 0–100 Hz band was particularly associated with people identifying sound as ‘quiet’ and, again, this might feed into engineering to reduce the impact of traffic noise on people.
机译：我们可能面临向电动汽车（EV）的转变，但是对此的环境和人类后果尚不十分清楚。模拟的听觉交通场景是根据真实的常规和电动汽车的记录合成的。这些听起来与某条主要国道附近的人听到的声音相似。模拟版本具有0％，20％，40％，60％，80％和100％EV。参加者以随机的顺序聆听听觉场景，分别从五个感官维度（例如愉悦，不愉快和轻松紧张）进行评分。总体而言，交通噪声的等级接近这些等级的负数，但当交通组合中电动汽车的比例很高时，尤其是当电动汽车的比例为80％或100％时，交通噪声的等级将显着提高。这表明向高比例电动汽车的转变可能会改善受到主要道路交通噪声影响的人们的主观体验。这种影响并非是电动汽车更安静的简单结果：对带通滤波版本的录音进行分级显示，人们对交通噪声的感知受到500-2000 Hz频段能量的影响。减少该频段噪声的工程对策可能有效地改善了居住或在主要道路附近工作的人们的主观体验，即使是常规车辆也是如此； 0-100 Hz频带中的能量尤其与人们将声音识别为“安静”有关，而且，这又可能会进入工程设计中，以减少交通噪声对人的影响。

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