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NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME: PHARMACOLOGIC STRATEGIES FOR THE MOTHER AND INFANT

机译:新生儿戒断综合症:母亲和婴儿的药理策略

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摘要

Opioid use in pregnancy has increased dramatically over the past decade. Since prenatal opioid use is associated with numerous obstetrical and neonatal complications, this now has become a major public health problem. In particular, in utero opioid exposure can result in neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) which is a serious condition characterized by central nervous system hyperirritability and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The present review seeks to define current practices regarding the approach to the pregnant mother and neonate with prenatal opiate exposure. Although the cornerstone of prenatal management of opioid dependence is opioid maintenance therapy, the ideal agent has yet to be definitively established. Pharmacologic management of NAS is also highly variable and may include an opioid, barbiturate, and/or α-agonist. Genetic factors appear to be associated with the incidence and severity of NAS. Establishing pharmacogenetic risk factors for the development of NAS has the potential for creating opportunities for “personalized genomic medicine” and novel, individualized therapeutic interventions.
机译:在过去十年中,孕妇使用阿片类药物的人数急剧增加。由于产前使用阿片类药物会引起许多产科和新生儿并发症,因此这已成为主要的公共卫生问题。特别地,在子宫内阿片样物质暴露可导致新生儿禁欲综合症(NAS),这是一种以中枢神经系统过度过敏和自主神经系统功能障碍为特征的严重疾病。本综述旨在定义有关孕妇和产前阿片暴露新生儿的治疗方法。尽管对阿片类药物依赖进行产前管理的基石是阿片类药物维持治疗,但尚未确定理想的药物。 NAS的药理管理也高度可变,可能包括阿片类药物,巴比妥类药物和/或α-激动剂。遗传因素似乎与NAS的发生率和严重程度有关。为NAS的发展建立药物遗传风险因素,有可能为“个性化基因组医学”和新颖,个性化的治疗干预创造机会。

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