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Watching eyes on potential litter can reduce littering: evidence from two field experiments

机译:留意潜在的垃圾可减少乱扔垃圾:两个现场实验的证据

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摘要

Littering constitutes a major societal problem, and any simple intervention that reduces its prevalence would be widely beneficial. In previous research, we have found that displaying images of watching eyes in the environment makes people less likely to litter. Here, we investigate whether the watching eyes images can be transferred onto the potential items of litter themselves. In two field experiments on a university campus, we created an opportunity to litter by attaching leaflets that either did or did not feature an image of watching eyes to parked bicycles. In both experiments, the watching eyes leaflets were substantially less likely to be littered than control leaflets (odds ratios 0.22–0.32). We also found that people were less likely to litter when there other people in the immediate vicinity than when there were not (odds ratios 0.04–0.25) and, in one experiment but not the other, that eye leaflets only reduced littering when there no other people in the immediate vicinity. We suggest that designing cues of observation into packaging could be a simple but fruitful strategy for reducing littering.
机译:乱扔垃圾构成了一个主要的社会问题,任何减少其流行率的简单干预措施都将是广泛有益的。在先前的研究中,我们发现在环境中显示观看眼睛的图像可以减少人们乱丢垃圾的可能性。在这里,我们调查观察的眼睛图像是否可以转移到垃圾本身的潜在物品上。在大学校园里进行的两次野外试验中,我们通过在停车的自行车上贴上有或没有看眼影像的传单,创造了乱丢垃圾的机会。在两个实验中,观察眼的小叶都比对照小叶散落的可能性要小得多(优势比为0.22-0.32)。我们还发现,与附近没有其他人时相比,在附近没有其他人时,其乱扔垃圾的可能性较小(赔率为0.04-0.25),并且在一个实验中,在没有其他人的情况下,只有在没有其他人的情况下,眼部传单才能减少乱抛垃圾附近的人。我们建议在包装中设计观察提示可以是减少乱抛垃圾的简单但有效的策略。

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