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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >The second tectofugal pathway in a songbird (Taeniopygiaguttata) revisited: tectal and lateral pontine projections to theposterior thalamus thence to the intermediate nidopallium
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The second tectofugal pathway in a songbird (Taeniopygiaguttata) revisited: tectal and lateral pontine projections to theposterior thalamus thence to the intermediate nidopallium

机译：鸣鸟（Taeniopygia）中的第二个tectofugal途径guttata）再探：顶盖和侧面桥突向丘脑后部从那里到中间鼻中隔

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Birds are almost always said to have two visual pathways from the retina to the telencephalon: thalamofugal terminating in the Wulst, and tectofugal terminating in the entopallium. Often ignored is a second tectofugal pathway that terminates in the nidopallium medial to and separate from the entopallium (e.g., Gamlin and Cohen, J Comp Neurol, 250: 296–310, 1986). Using standard tract tracing and electroanatomical techniques, we extend earlier evidence of a second tectofugal pathway in songbirds (Wild, J Comp Neurol, 349:512–535, 1994), by showing that visual projections to nucleus uvaeformis (Uva) of the posterior thalamus in zebra finches extend farther rostrally than to Uva as generally recognized in the context of the song control system. Projections to ‘rUva’ resulted from injections of biotinylated dextran amine into the lateral pontine nucleus (PL), and led to extensive retrograde labeling of tectal neurons, predominantly in layer 13. Injections in rUva also resulted in extensive retrograde labeling of predominantly layer 13 tectal neurons, retrograde labeling of PL neurons, and anterograde labeling of PL. It thus appears that some tectal neurons could project to rUva and PL via branched axons.Ascending projections of rUva terminated throughout a visually responsiveregion of the intermediate nidopallium (NI) lying between nucleus interfacemedially and the entopallium laterally. Lastly, as shown by Clarke in pigeons (JComp Neurol, 174:535–552, 1977), we found that PL projects to caudalcerebellar folia.
机译：几乎总是说鸟类从视网膜到端脑有两条视觉通道：丘脑真菌终止于伍斯特（Wulst），而梭菌终止于上皮。常常忽略的是第二个真菌形成途径，该途径终止于与上皮细胞分离并在其内的尼多皮层内侧（例如，Gamlin和Cohen，J Comp Neurol，250：296-310，1986）。通过使用标准的道追踪和电解剖学技术，我们通过显示对丘脑后部的葡萄膜状核（Uva）的视觉投影，扩展了鸣禽中第二个构造与真菌途径的早期证据（Wild，J Comp Neurol，349：512-535，1994）。在歌曲控制系统的背景下，斑马雀科中的雀科向后延伸的距离比乌瓦延伸的远。对“ rUva”的预测是由于将生物素化的右旋糖酐胺注射到桥脑外侧核（PL）中，并导致了顶盖神经元的广泛逆行标记，主要是在第13层。对rUva的注射还导致了主要是第13层顶盖的逆行标记。神经元，PL神经元的逆行标记和PL的顺行标记。因此，似乎某些坐骨神经元可以通过分支轴突投射到rUva和PL.rUva的递增投射在整个视觉响应中终止位于核界面之间的中间Nidopallium（NI）区域内侧和上皮外侧。最后，正如克拉克（Clarke）在鸽子（JComp Neurol，174：535-552，1977），我们发现PL投射到尾小脑对叶。

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