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Structural Path Analysis of Fossil Fuel Based CO2 Emissions: A Case Study for China

机译：基于化石燃料的二氧化碳排放的结构路径分析：以中国为例

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Environmentally extended input-output analysis (EEIOA) has long been used to quantify global and regional environmental impacts and to clarify emission transfers. Structural path analysis (SPA), a technique based on EEIOA, is especially useful for measuring significant flows in this environmental-economic system. This paper constructs an imports-adjusted single-region input-output (SRIO) model considering only domestic final use elements, and it uses the SPA technique to highlight crucial routes along the production chain in both final use and sectoral perspectives. The results indicate that future mitigation policies on household consumption should change direct energy use structures in rural areas, cut unreasonable demand for power and chemical products, and focus on urban areas due to their consistently higher magnitudes than rural areas in the structural routes. Impacts originating from government spending should be tackled by managing onsite energy use in 3 major service sectors and promoting cleaner fuels and energy-saving techniques in the transport sector. Policies on investment should concentrate on sectoral interrelationships along the production chain by setting up standards to regulate upstream industries, especially for the services, construction and equipment manufacturing sectors, which have high demand pulling effects. Apart from the similar methods above, mitigating policies in exports should also consider improving embodied technology and quality in manufactured products to achieve sustainable development. Additionally, detailed sectoral results in the coal extraction industry highlight the onsite energy use management in large domestic companies, emphasize energy structure rearrangement, and indicate resources and energy safety issues. Conclusions based on the construction and public administration sectors reveal that future mitigation in secondary and tertiary industries should be combined with upstream emission intensive industries in a systematic viewpoint to achieve sustainable development. Overall, SPA is a useful tool in empirical studies, and it can be used to analyze national environmental impacts and guide future mitigation policies.
机译：长期以来，环境扩展的投入产出分析（EEIOA）一直用于量化全球和区域环境影响并阐明排放转移。结构路径分析（SPA）是一种基于EEIOA的技术，对于测量此环境经济系统中的大量流量尤其有用。本文构建了仅考虑国内最终用途要素的进口调整后的单区域投入产出（SRIO）模型，并使用SPA技术从最终用途和部门角度突出了生产链中的关键路线。结果表明，未来的家庭消费减缓政策应改变农村地区的直接能源使用结构，减少对电力和化学产品的不合理需求，并应将重点放在城市地区，因为它们在结构性路线中的规模始终高于农村地区。应通过管理3个主要服务部门的现场能源使用并在运输部门推广清洁燃料和节能技术来应对来自政府支出的影响。投资政策应通过建立标准来规范上游产业，特别是服务业，建筑业和设备制造业等对需求产生巨大拉动作用的上游产业，从而将重点放在生产链上的部门相互关系上。除上述类似方法外，缓解出口政策还应考虑提高制成品的具体技术和质量，以实现可持续发展。此外，煤炭开采行业的详细部门结果突出了大型国内公司的现场能源使用管理，强调了能源结构的重组，并指出了资源和能源安全问题。根据建筑和公共行政部门的结论表明，应从系统的观点出发，将第二和第三产业的未来缓解措施与上游排放密集型产业结合起来，以实现可持续发展。总体而言，SPA是进行经验研究的有用工具，可用于分析国家环境影响并指导未来的缓解政策。

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