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Relationships between Religion and Two Forms of Homonegativity in Europe—A Multilevel Analysis of Effects of Believing Belonging and Religious Practice

机译：宗教与欧洲两种同性恋形式之间的关系—信仰归属和宗教实践影响的多层次分析

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摘要

This paper examines relationships between religion and two forms of homonegativity across 43 European countries using a bivariate response binary logistic multilevel model. The model analyzes effects of religious believing, belonging and practice on two response variables: a) a moral rejection of homosexuality as a practice and b) intolerance toward homosexuals as a group. The findings indicate that both forms of homonegativity are prevalent in Europe. Traditional doctrinal religious believing (belief in a personal God) is positively related to a moral rejection of homosexuality but to a much lesser extent associated with intolerance toward homosexuals as a group. Members of religious denominations are more likely than non-members to reject homosexuality as morally wrong and to reject homosexuals as neighbors. The analysis found significant differences between denominations that are likely context-dependent. Attendance at religious services is positively related to homonegativity in a majority of countries. The findings vary considerably across countries: Religion is more strongly related to homonegativity in Western than in Eastern Europe. In the post-soviet countries homonegativity appears to be largely a secular phenomenon. National contexts of high religiosity, high perceived government corruption, high income inequality and shortcomings in the implementation of gay rights in the countries’ legislations are statistically related to higher levels of both moralistic homonegativity and intolerance toward homosexuals as a group.
机译：本文使用双变量响应二进制逻辑多层次模型研究了43个欧洲国家中宗教与两种形式的同性否定之间的关系。该模型分析了宗教信仰，归属感和实践对两个反应变量的影响：a）对同性恋的道德拒绝作为一种实践，以及b）对同性恋群体的不宽容。研究结果表明，两种形式的均负性在欧洲很普遍。传统的教义上的宗教信仰（信奉个人的上帝）与对同性恋的道义拒绝有积极的联系，但在较小程度上与对同性恋群体的不容忍相关。与非成员相比，宗教派别的成员更有可能以道德上的错误为由拒绝同性恋，以邻居为对象来拒绝同性恋。分析发现，不同教派之间的差异很大，这可能取决于上下文。在大多数国家，参加宗教仪式与同性负相关。不同国家的调查结果差异很大：在西方，宗教与同性负相关性比东欧高得多。在后苏联国家中，同性否定似乎主要是世俗现象。从宗教上讲，高度的政府腐败，高度的收入不平等以及该国立法中同性恋权利实施的缺陷等国家背景，在统计上与道德同性否定性和对同性恋整体的不容忍度较高有关。

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    Stefanie Doebler;

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  • 年(卷),期 -1(10),8
  • 年度 -1
  • 页码 e0133538
  • 总页数 27
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