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Bioconcentration and Acute Intoxication of Brazilian Freshwater Fishes by the Methyl Parathion Organophosphate Pesticide

机译：甲基对硫磷有机磷农药对巴西淡水鱼的生物浓缩和急性中毒

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摘要

Three species of freshwater Brazilian fishes (pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus; piavussu, Leporinus macrocephalus, and curimbatá, Prochilodus lineatus) were exposed to an acute dose of 5 ppm methyl parathion organophosphate pesticide. Three to five individuals per species were exposed, one at a time, to 40 liters tap water spiked with Folidol 600. Pesticide concentrations and cholinesterase (ChE) activities were evaluated in serum, liver, brain, heart, and muscle. The bioconcentration of methyl parathion was similar for all studied fishes. Brain tissue showed the highest pesticide concentration, reaching 80 ppm after exposure for 30 min to methyl parathion. Three to 5 hours of 5 ppm methyl parathion exposure provoked the death of all P. lineatus at 92% brain AChE inhibition, whereas fish from the other two species survived for up to 78 hours with less than 80% brain AChE inhibition. Our results indicate that acute toxic effects of methyl parathion to fish are correlated with brain AChE sensitivity to methyl paraoxon.
机译：将三种淡水巴西鱼（pac鱼，Piaractus mesopotamicus； piavussu，大孔雀鱼和curimbatá，Prochilodus lineatus）暴露于急性剂量的5 ppm甲基对硫磷有机磷农药。每个物种三到五个人一次暴露于40升掺有Folidol 600的自来水中。评估了血清，肝，脑，心脏和肌肉中的农药浓度和胆碱酯酶（ChE）活性。所有研究鱼类的甲基对硫磷的生物浓度均相似。脑组织显示出最高的农药浓度，在甲基对硫磷中暴露30分钟后，农药浓度达到80 ppm。暴露于5 ppm甲基对硫磷3至5个小时会引起所有线虫的死亡，其对大脑AChE的抑制率为92％，而来自其他两个物种的鱼存活的时间长达78小时，对大脑AChE的抑制率不到80％。我们的结果表明甲基对硫磷对鱼类的急性毒性作用与大脑AChE对甲基对氧磷的敏感性相关。

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