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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
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Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon

机译：面对河unt：了解捕捞量和水温对银大麻哈鱼生理的影响

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摘要

An improved understanding of bycatch mortality can be achieved by complementing field studies with laboratory experiments that use physiological assessments. This study examined the effects of water temperature and the duration of net entanglement on physiological disturbance and recovery in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) after release from a simulated beach seine capture. Heart rate was monitored using implanted electrocardiogram biologgers that allowed fish to swim freely before and after release. A subset of fish was recovered in respirometers to monitor metabolic recovery, and separate groups of fish were sacrificed at different times to assess blood and white muscle biochemistry. One hour after release, fish had elevated lactate in muscle and blood plasma, depleted tissue energy stores, and altered osmoregulatory status, particularly in warmer (15 vs. 10°C) and longer (15 vs. 2 min) capture treatments. A significant effect of entanglement duration on blood and muscle metabolites remained after 4 h. Oxygen consumption rate recovered to baseline within 7–10 h. However, recovery of heart rate to routine levels was longer and more variable, with most fish taking over 10 h, and 33% of fish failing to recover within 24 h. There were no significant treatment effects on either oxygen consumption or heart rate recovery. Our results indicate that fishers should minimize handling time for bycatch and maximize oxygen supply during crowding, especially when temperatures are elevated. Physiological data, such as those presented here, can be used to understand mechanisms that underlie bycatch impairment and mortality, and thus inform best practices that ensure the welfare and conservation of affected species.
机译：可以通过使用生理评估的实验室实验来补充田间研究，从而提高对兼捕物死亡率的认识。这项研究检查了水温和净缠结持续时间对从模拟海滩围网捕捞中释放出来的红鲑（Oncorhynchus kisutch）的生理扰动和恢复的影响。使用植入式心电图生物记录仪监测心率，该记录仪可以使鱼在释放前后自由游泳。在呼吸计中回收了一部分鱼，以监测新陈代谢的恢复，并在不同的时间处死了不同的鱼群，以评估血液和白肌的生物化学。释放后一小时，鱼的肌肉和血浆中乳酸水平升高，组织能量储存耗尽，渗透调节状态改变，尤其是在较温暖的温度（15 vs. 10°C）和更长的捕获时间（15 vs. 2 min）中。缠结持续时间对血液和肌肉代谢产物的显着影响在4 h后仍然存在。耗氧率在7-10小时内恢复到基线。但是，心率恢复到常规水平的时间更长，而且变化更大，大多数鱼耗时超过10小时，而33％的鱼在24小时之内无法恢复。氧消耗或心率恢复均无明显治疗效果。我们的结果表明，渔民在拥挤期间，尤其是在温度升高时，应尽量减少兼捕的处理时间，并最大限度地增加氧气供应。生理数据（例如此处提供的数据）可用于了解兼捕物损害和死亡率的基础机制，从而为确保受影响物种的福利和保护提供了最佳做法。

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