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A Novel Pyrimidin-Like Plant Activator Stimulates Plant Disease Resistance and Promotes Growth

机译：一种新型的嘧啶类植物激活剂可刺激植物抗病性并促进生长

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Plant activators are chemicals that induce plant defense responses to a broad spectrum of pathogens. Here, we identified a new potential plant activator, 5-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6-methyl-2-(2-pyridyl)pyrimidin-4-ol, named PPA (pyrimidin-type plant activator). Compared with benzothiadiazole S-methyl ester (BTH), a functional analog of salicylic acid (SA), PPA was fully soluble in water and increased fresh weight of rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis plants at low concentrations. In addition, PPA also promoted lateral root development. Microarray data and real-time PCR revealed that PPA-treated leaves not challenged with pathogen showed up-regulation of genes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS), defenses and SA. During bacterial infection, Arabidopsis plants pretreated with PPA showed dramatically decreased disease symptoms and an earlier and stronger ROS burst, compared with plants pretreated with BTH. Microscopy revealed that H2O2 accumulated in the cytosol, plasma membrane and cell wall around intracellular bacteria, and also on the bacterial cell wall, indicating that H2O2 was directly involved in killing bacteria. The increase in ROS-related gene expression also supported this observation. Our results indicate that PPA enhances plant defenses against pathogen invasion through the plant redox system, and as a water-soluble compound that can promote plant growth, has broad potential applications in agriculture.
机译：植物激活剂是诱导植物防御多种病原体的化学物质。在这里，我们确定了一种新的潜在植物激活剂，5-（环丙基甲基）-6-甲基-2-（2-吡啶基）嘧啶-4-醇，命名为PPA（嘧啶类植物激活剂）。与水杨酸（SA）的功能类似物苯并噻二唑S-甲酯（BTH）相比，PPA完全溶于水，低浓度时水稻（Oryza sativa）和拟南芥植物的鲜重增加。此外，PPA还促进了侧根的发育。微阵列数据和实时PCR显示，未经过病原菌攻击的PPA处理叶片显示出与活性氧（ROS），防御和SA相关的基因上调。在细菌感染期间，与用BTH预处理的植物相比，用PPA预处理的拟南芥植物显示出大大减轻的疾病症状和更早更强的ROS爆发。显微镜检查表明，H2O2积累在细胞内细菌周围的细胞质，质膜和细胞壁中，以及细菌细胞壁上，表明H2O2直接参与了杀死细菌的过程。 ROS相关基因表达的增加也支持该观察。我们的结果表明，PPA通过植物氧化还原系统增强植物抵抗病原体入侵的防御能力，并且作为可促进植物生长的水溶性化合物，在农业中具有广泛的潜在应用。

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