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Is Postpartum Depression a Disease of Modern Civilization?

机译:产后抑郁症是现代文明的病吗?

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摘要

Access to calorie-dense foods, medicine, and other comforts has made modern humans healthier than our prehistoric ancestors in many respects. However, the epidemics of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease suggest that there are also drawbacks to modern living. Here, we address the question of whether the dramatic cultural changes that have occurred over the past century have inflated rates of postpartum depression, adding postpartum depression to the list of “diseases of modern civilization.” We review evidence from cross-cultural, epidemiological, and experimental studies documenting associations between postpartum depression and modern patterns of early weaning, diets deficient in essential fatty acids, low levels of physical activity, low levels of sun exposure, and isolation from kin support networks, all of which mark significant divergences from lifestyles believed to have been typical throughout human evolutionary history. This “mismatch hypothesis” of postpartum depression integrates research across diverse research areas and generates novel predictions.
机译:在许多方面,获得热量密集的食物,药品和其他舒适用品使现代人类比我们的史前祖先更加健康。但是,肥胖,糖尿病和心血管疾病的流行表明现代生活也存在弊端。在这里,我们要解决的问题是,过去一个世纪发生的戏剧性文化变化是否会导致产后抑郁症的发生率上升,从而将产后抑郁症添加到“现代文明病”列表中。我们回顾了来自跨文化,流行病学和实验研究的证据,这些研究记录了产后抑郁症与现代断奶方式,饮食中必需脂肪酸缺乏,低水平的体力活动,低水平的阳光照射以及与亲属支持网络隔离之间的关联,所有这些都标志着人们认为在整个人类进化史中都是典型的生活方式有很大的不同。产后抑郁症的这种“失配假设”将跨不同研究领域的研究整合在一起,并产生了新颖的预测。

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