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An Overview of Judgment and Decision Making Research Through the Lens of Fuzzy Trace Theory

机译：基于模糊跟踪理论的判断与决策研究综述

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We present the basic tenets of fuzzy trace theory, a comprehensive theory of memory, judgment, and decision making that is grounded in research on how information is stored as knowledge, mentally represented, retrieved from storage, and processed. In doing so, we highlight how it is distinguished from traditional models of decision making in that gist reasoning plays a central role. The theory also distinguishes advanced intuition from primitive impulsivity. It predicts that different sorts of errors occur with respect to each component of judgment and decision making: background knowledge, representation, retrieval, and processing. Classic errors in the judgment and decision making literature, such as risky-choice framing and the conjunction fallacy, are accounted for by fuzzy trace theory and new results generated by the theory contradict traditional approaches. We also describe how developmental changes in brain and behavior offer crucial insight into adult cognitive processing. Research investigating brain and behavior in developing and special populations supports fuzzy trace theory’s predictions about reliance on gist processing.
机译：我们介绍了模糊跟踪理论的基本原理，这是一种基于内存，判断和决策的综合理论，其基础是研究如何将信息存储为知识，以心理方式表示，从存储中检索和处理。在这样做的过程中，我们强调了其与传统的决策模型的区别，因为要点推理起着核心作用。该理论还区分了高级直觉和原始冲动。它预测在判断和决策的每个组成部分上都会发生不同类型的错误：背景知识，表示，检索和处理。模糊跟踪理论解释了判断和决策文献中的经典错误，例如风险选择框架和合取谬误，并且该理论产生的新结果与传统方法相矛盾。我们还将描述大脑和行为的发育变化如何为成人认知过程提供关键的见解。对发展中和特殊人群的大脑和行为进行调查的研究支持模糊痕迹理论对依赖要点处理的预测。

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