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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Psychology >Expert and competent non-expert visual cues during simulated diagnosis in intensive care
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Expert and competent non-expert visual cues during simulated diagnosis in intensive care

机译：重症监护模拟诊断期间的专家和胜任的非专家视觉提示

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摘要

The aim of this study was to examine the information acquisition strategies of expert and competent non-expert intensive care physicians during two simulated diagnostic scenarios involving respiratory distress in an infant. Specifically, the information acquisition performance of six experts and 12 competent non-experts was examined using an eye-tracker during the initial 90 s of the assessment of the patient. The results indicated that, in comparison to competent non-experts, experts recorded longer mean fixations, irrespective of the scenario. When the dwell times were examined against specific areas of interest, the results revealed that competent non-experts recorded greater overall dwell times on the nurse, where experts recorded relatively greater dwell times on the head and face of the manikin. In the context of the scenarios, experts recorded differential dwell times, spending relatively more time on the head and face during the seizure scenario than during the coughing scenario. The differences evident between experts and competent non-experts were interpreted as evidence of the relative availability of task-specific cues or heuristics in memory that might direct the process of information acquisition amongst expert physicians. The implications are discussed for the training and assessment of diagnostic skills.
机译：这项研究的目的是在涉及婴儿呼吸窘迫的两种模拟诊断情况下，检查专家和胜任的非专业重症监护医生的信息获取策略。具体而言，在患者评估的最初90 s期间，使用眼动仪检查了六位专家和12位胜任的非专家的信息获取性能。结果表明，与胜任的非专家相比，无论情况如何，专家所记录的平均注视时间都更长。当针对特定感兴趣的区域检查停留时间时，结果显示，合格的非专家记录的护士总体停留时间更长，专家记录的人体模型头部和面部的停留时间相对较长。在这种情况下，专家记录了不同的停留时间，在癫痫发作期间与在咳嗽期间相比，头和脸花费的时间相对较多。专家与胜任的非专家之间明显的差异被解释为任务特定线索或启发式记忆在内存中的相对可用性的证据，这些线索或启发法可能会指导专家医师之间的信息获取过程。讨论了其含义，以培训和评估诊断技能。

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