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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Chemical and Mechanical Defenses Vary among Maternal Lines and Leaf Ages in Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae) and Reduce Palatability to a Generalist Insect
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Chemical and Mechanical Defenses Vary among Maternal Lines and Leaf Ages in Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae) and Reduce Palatability to a Generalist Insect

机译：化学和机械防御随母叶草（玄参科）的母系和叶片年龄而变化并降低了对普通昆虫的适食性

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Intra-specific variation in host-plant quality affects herbivore foraging decisions and, in turn, herbivore foraging decisions mediate plant fitness. In particular, variation in defenses against herbivores, both among and within plants, shapes herbivore behavior. If variation in defenses is genetically based, it can respond to natural selection by herbivores. We quantified intra-specific variation in iridoid glycosides, trichome length, and leaf strength in common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L, Scrophulariaceae) among maternal lines within a population and among leaves within plants, and related this variation to feeding preferences of a generalist herbivore, Trichopulsia ni Hübner. We found significant variation in all three defenses among maternal lines, with T. ni preferring plants with lower investment in chemical, but not mechanical, defense. Within plants, old leaves had lower levels of all defenses than young leaves, and were strongly preferred by T. ni. Caterpillars also preferred leaves with trichomes removed to leaves with trichomes intact. Differences among maternal lines indicate that phenotypic variation in defenses likely has a genetic basis. Furthermore, these results reveal that the feeding behaviors of T. ni map onto variation in plant defense in a predictable way. This work highlights the importance of variation in host-plant quality in driving interactions between plants and their herbivores.
机译：寄主植物质量的种内差异会影响草食动物的觅食决策，而食草动物的觅食决策又会影响植物的适应性。尤其是，植物之间和植物内部对草食动物的防御力的变化会影响草食动物的行为。如果防御的差异是基于遗传的，则它可以响应草食动物的自然选择。我们量化了种群内母本系和植物内叶片间常见毛蛋白（Verbascum thapsus L，Scrophulariaceae）的虹膜状苷，毛状体长度和叶片强度的种内变异，并将这种变异与通才草食动物的摄食偏好相关联， Trichopulsia niHübner。我们发现母本品系在所有三个防御方面均存在显着差异，其中T. ni偏爱在化学防御方面投入较少但在机械防御方面投入较少的植物。在植物中，老叶的防御能力比年轻叶低，并且被三叶草强烈推荐。毛毛虫还喜欢去除毛状体的叶子，而不喜欢毛状体完整的叶子。母系间的差异表明防御的表型变异可能具有遗传基础。此外，这些结果表明，T.ni的摄食行为以可预测的方式映射到植物防御的变化上。这项工作强调了宿主植物质量变化在驱动植物及其食草动物之间相互作用方面的重要性。

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